3 Imager::Filters - Entire Image Filtering Operations
11 $img->filter(type=>'autolevels');
12 $img->filter(type=>'autolevels', lsat=>0.2);
13 $img->filter(type=>'turbnoise')
17 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
18 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
20 $img->filter(type=>'lin_stretch', a=>35, b=>200);
22 unload_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
23 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
25 $out = $img->difference(other=>$other_img);
29 Filters are operations that have similar calling interface.
41 type - the type of filter, see L</Types of Filters>.
45 many other possible parameters, see L</Types of Filters> below.
51 =head2 Types of Filters
53 Here is a list of the filters that are always avaliable in Imager.
54 This list can be obtained by running the C<filterlist.perl> script
55 that comes with the module source.
57 Filter Arguments Default value
62 bumpmap bump lightx lighty
115 unsharpmask stddev 2.0
123 All parameters must have some value but if a parameter has a default
124 value it may be omitted when calling the filter function.
126 Every one of these filters modifies the image in place.
128 A reference of the filters follows:
134 scales the value of each channel so that the values in the image will
135 cover the whole possible range for the channel. I<lsat> and I<usat>
136 truncate the range by the specified fraction at the top and bottom of
137 the range respectivly.
139 # increase contrast, losing little detail
140 $img->filter(type=>"autolevels")
143 # increase contrast, losing 20% of highlight at top and bottom range
144 $img->filter(type=>"autolevels", lsat=>0.2, usat=>0.2)
149 uses the channel I<elevation> image I<bump> as a bumpmap on your
150 image, with the light at (I<lightx>, I<lightty>), with a shadow length
153 $img->filter(type=>"bumpmap", bump=>$bumpmap_img,
154 lightx=>10, lighty=>10, st=>5)
157 =item bumpmap_complex
159 uses the channel I<channel> image I<bump> as a bumpmap on your image.
160 If Lz<0 the three L parameters are considered to be the direction of
161 the light. If Lz>0 the L parameters are considered to be the light
162 position. I<Ia> is the ambient colour, I<Il> is the light colour,
163 I<Is> is the color of specular highlights. I<cd> is the diffuse
164 coefficient and I<cs> is the specular coefficient. I<n> is the
165 shininess of the surface.
167 $img->filter(type=>"bumpmap_complex", bump=>$bumpmap_img)
172 scales each channel by I<intensity>. Values of I<intensity> < 1.0
173 will reduce the contrast.
176 $img->filter(type=>"contrast", intensity=>1.3)
180 $img->filter(type=>"contrast", intensity=>0.8)
185 performs 2 1-dimensional convolutions on the image using the values
186 from I<coef>. I<coef> should be have an odd length and the sum of the
187 coefficients must be non-zero.
190 $img->filter(type=>"conv", coef=>[-0.5, 2, -0.5 ])
194 $img->filter(type=>"conv", coef=>[ 1, 2, 1 ])
199 renders a fountain fill, similar to the gradient tool in most paint
200 software. The default fill is a linear fill from opaque black to
201 opaque white. The points A(xa, ya) and B(xb, yb) control the way the
202 fill is performed, depending on the ftype parameter:
208 the fill ramps from A through to B.
212 the fill ramps in both directions from A, where AB defines the length
217 A is the center of a circle, and B is a point on it's circumference.
218 The fill ramps from the center out to the circumference.
222 A is the center of a square and B is the center of one of it's sides.
223 This can be used to rotate the square. The fill ramps out to the
228 A is the centre of a circle and B is a point on it's circumference. B
229 marks the 0 and 360 point on the circle, with the fill ramping
234 A is the center of a circle and B is a point on it's circumference. B
235 marks the 0 and point on the circle, with the fill ramping in both
236 directions to meet opposite.
240 The I<repeat> option controls how the fill is repeated for some
241 I<ftype>s after it leaves the AB range:
247 no repeats, points outside of each range are treated as if they were
248 on the extreme end of that range.
252 the fill simply repeats in the positive direction
256 the fill repeats in reverse and then forward and so on, in the
261 the fill repeats in both the positive and negative directions (only
262 meaningful for a linear fill).
266 as for triangle, but in the negative direction too (only meaningful
271 By default the fill simply overwrites the whole image (unless you have
272 parts of the range 0 through 1 that aren't covered by a segment), if
273 any segments of your fill have any transparency, you can set the
274 I<combine> option to 'normal' to have the fill combined with the
275 existing pixels. See the description of I<combine> in L<Imager::Fill>.
277 If your fill has sharp edges, for example between steps if you use
278 repeat set to 'triangle', you may see some aliased or ragged edges.
279 You can enable super-sampling which will take extra samples within the
280 pixel in an attempt anti-alias the fill.
282 The possible values for the super_sample option are:
288 no super-sampling is done
292 a square grid of points are sampled. The number of points sampled is
293 the square of ceil(0.5 + sqrt(ssample_param)).
297 a random set of points within the pixel are sampled. This looks
298 pretty bad for low ssample_param values.
302 the points on the radius of a circle within the pixel are sampled.
303 This seems to produce the best results, but is fairly slow (for now).
307 You can control the level of sampling by setting the ssample_param
308 option. This is roughly the number of points sampled, but depends on
309 the type of sampling.
311 The segments option is an arrayref of segments. You really should use
312 the L<Imager::Fountain> class to build your fountain fill. Each
313 segment is an array ref containing:
319 a floating point number between 0 and 1, the start of the range of
320 fill parameters covered by this segment.
324 a floating point number between start and end which can be used to
325 push the color range towards one end of the segment.
329 a floating point number between 0 and 1, the end of the range of fill
330 parameters covered by this segment. This should be greater than
337 The colors at each end of the segment. These can be either
338 Imager::Color or Imager::Color::Float objects.
342 The type of segment, this controls the way the fill parameter varies
343 over the segment. 0 for linear, 1 for curved (unimplemented), 2 for
344 sine, 3 for sphere increasing, 4 for sphere decreasing.
348 The way the color varies within the segment, 0 for simple RGB, 1 for
349 hue increasing and 2 for hue decreasing.
353 Don't forget to use Imager::Fountain instead of building your own.
354 Really. It even loads GIMP gradient files.
356 # build the gradient the hard way - linear from black to white,
360 [ 0, 0.25, 0.5, 'black', 'white', 0, 0 ],
361 [ 0.5. 0.75, 1.0, 'white', 'black', 0, 0 ],
364 my $linear = $img->copy;
365 $linear->filter(type => "fountain",
367 repeat => 'sawtooth',
369 ya => $linear->getheight / 2,
370 xb => $linear->getwidth - 1,
371 yb => $linear->getheight / 2)
372 or die $linear->errstr;
374 my $revolution = $img->copy;
375 $revolution->filter(type => "fountain",
376 ftype => 'revolution',
377 xa => $revolution->getwidth / 2,
378 ya => $revolution->getheight / 2,
379 xb => $revolution->getwidth / 2,
381 or die $revolution->errstr;
382 # out from the middle
383 my $radial = $img->copy;
384 $radial->filter(type => "fountain",
386 xa => $im->getwidth / 2,
387 ya => $im->getheight / 2,
388 xb => $im->getwidth / 2,
390 or die $radial->errstr;
394 performs a gaussian blur of the image, using I<stddev> as the standard
395 deviation of the curve used to combine pixels, larger values give
396 bigger blurs. For a definition of Gaussian Blur, see:
398 http://www.maths.abdn.ac.uk/~igc/tch/mx4002/notes/node99.html
400 Values of C<stddev> around 0.5 provide a barely noticable blur, values
401 around 5 provide a very strong blur.
403 # only slightly blurred
404 $img->filter(type=>"gaussian", stddev=>0.5)
407 # more strongly blurred
408 $img->filter(type=>"gaussian", stddev=>5)
413 renders a gradient, with the given I<colors> at the corresponding
414 points (x,y) in I<xo> and I<yo>. You can specify the way distance is
415 measured for color blending by setting I<dist> to 0 for Euclidean, 1
416 for Euclidean squared, and 2 for Manhattan distance.
418 $img->filter(type="gradgen",
421 colors=>[ qw(red blue green) ]);
425 inverts the image, black to white, white to black. All channels are
426 inverted, including the alpha channel if any.
428 $img->filter(type=>"hardinvert")
433 produces averaged tiles of the given I<size>.
435 $img->filter(type=>"mosaic", size=>5)
440 adds noise of the given I<amount> to the image. If I<subtype> is
441 zero, the noise is even to each channel, otherwise noise is added to
442 each channel independently.
445 $img->filter(type=>"noise", amount=>20, subtype=>0)
449 $img->filter(type=>"noise", amount=>20, subtype=>1)
454 renders radiant Perlin turbulent noise. The centre of the noise is at
455 (I<xo>, I<yo>), I<ascale> controls the angular scale of the noise ,
456 and I<rscale> the radial scale, higher numbers give more detail.
458 $img->filter(type=>"radnoise", xo=>50, yo=>50,
459 ascale=>1, rscale=>0.02)
464 alters the image to have only I<levels> distinct level in each
467 $img->filter(type=>"postlevels", levels=>10)
472 renders Perlin turbulent noise. (I<xo>, I<yo>) controls the origin of
473 the noise, and I<scale> the scale of the noise, with lower numbers
476 $img->filter(type=>"turbnoise", xo=>10, yo=>10, scale=>10)
481 performs an unsharp mask on the image. This is the result of
482 subtracting a gaussian blurred version of the image from the original.
483 I<stddev> controls the stddev parameter of the gaussian blur. Each
484 output pixel is: in + I<scale> * (in - blurred).
486 $img->filter(type=>"unsharpmask", stddev=>1, scale=>0.5)
491 applies I<wmark> as a watermark on the image with strength I<pixdiff>,
492 with an origin at (I<tx>, I<ty>)
494 $img->filter(type=>"watermark", tx=>10, ty=>50,
495 wmark=>$wmark_image, pixdiff=>50)
500 A demonstration of most of the filters can be found at:
502 http://www.develop-help.com/imager/filters.html
504 =head2 External Filters
506 As of Imager 0.48 you can create perl or XS based filters and hook
507 them into Imager's filter() method:
511 =item register_filter
513 Registers a filter so it is visible via Imager's filter() method.
515 Imager->register_filter(type => 'your_filter',
516 defaults => { parm1 => 'default1' },
517 callseq => [ qw/image parm1/ ],
518 callsub => \&your_filter);
519 $img->filter(type=>'your_filter', parm1 => 'something');
521 The following parameters are needed:
527 type - the type value that will be supplied to filter() to use your
532 defaults - a hash of defaults for the filter's parameters
536 callseq - a reference to an array of required parameter names.
540 callsub - a code reference called to execute your filter. The
541 parameters passed to filter() are supplied as a list of parameter
542 name, value ... which can be assigned to a hash.
544 The special parameters C<image> and C<imager> are supplied as the low
545 level image object from $self and $self itself respectively.
547 The function you supply must modify the image in place.
551 See Imager::Filter::Mandelbrot for an example.
557 The plugin interface is deprecated. Please use the Imager API, see
558 L</Imager::API> and L<External Filters> for details
560 It is possible to add filters to the module without recompiling the
561 module itself. This is done by using DSOs (Dynamic shared object)
562 avaliable on most systems. This way you can maintain our own filters
563 and not have to get me to add it, or worse patch every new version of
564 the Module. Modules can be loaded AND UNLOADED at runtime. This
565 means that you can have a server/daemon thingy that can do something
568 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
569 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
571 $img->filter(type=>'lin_stretch', a=>35, b=>200);
573 unload_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
574 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
576 Someone decides that the filter is not working as it should -
577 dyntest.c modified and recompiled.
579 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
580 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
584 An example plugin comes with the module - Please send feedback to
585 addi@umich.edu if you test this.
587 Note: This seems to test ok on the following systems:
588 Linux, Solaris, HPUX, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, TRU64/OSF1, AIX.
589 If you test this on other systems please let me know.
595 This is a function, not a method, exported by default. You should
596 import this function explicitly for future compatibility if you need
599 Accepts a single parameter, the name of a shared library file to load.
601 Returns true on success. Check Imager->errstr on failure.
605 This is a function, not a method, which is exported by default. You
606 should import this function explicitly for future compatibility if you
609 Accepts a single parameter, the name of a shared library to unload.
610 This library must have been previously loaded by load_plugin().
612 Returns true on success. Check Imager->errstr on failure.
616 =head2 Image Difference
622 You can create a new image that is the difference between 2 other images.
624 my $diff = $img->difference(other=>$other_img);
626 For each pixel in $img that is different to the pixel in $other_img,
627 the pixel from $other_img is given, otherwise the pixel is transparent
630 This can be used for debugging image differences ("Where are they
631 different?"), and for optimizing animated GIFs.
633 Note that $img and $other_img must have the same number of channels.
634 The width and heigh of $diff will be the minimum of each of the width
635 and height of $img and $other_img.
641 Arnar M. Hrafnkelsson, Tony Cook <tony@imager.perl.org>.
645 Imager, Imager::Filter::Flines, Imager::Filter::Mandelbrot