3 Imager::Draw - Draw primitives to images
11 $blue = Imager::Color->new( 0, 0, 255 );
12 $fill = Imager::Fill->new(hatch=>'stipple');
14 $img->line(color=>$blue, x1=>10, x2=>100,
15 y1=>20, y2=>50, aa=>1, endp=>1 );
17 $img->polyline(points=>[[$x0,$y0], [$x1,$y1], [$x2,$y2]],
19 $img->polyline(x=>[$x0,$x1,$x2], y=>[$y0,$y1,$y2], aa=>1);
21 $img->box(color=> $blue, xmin=> 10, ymin=>30,
22 xmax=>200, ymax=>300, filled=>1);
23 $img->box(fill=>$fill);
25 $img->arc(color=>$blue, r=>20, x=>200, y=>100,
28 $img->circle(color=>$blue, r=>50, x=>200, y=>100);
30 $img->polygon(points=>[[$x0,$y0], [$x1,$y1], [$x2,$y2]],
33 $img->polygon(x=>[$x0,$x1,$x2], y=>[$y0,$y1,$y2]);
35 $img->flood_fill(x=>50, y=>50, color=>$color);
37 $img->setpixel(x=>50, y=>70, color=>$color);
39 $img->setpixel(x=>[ 50, 60, 70 ], y=>[20, 30, 40], color=>$color);
41 my $color = $img->getpixel(x=>50, y=>70);
43 my @colors = $img->getpixel(x=>[ 50, 60, 70 ], y=>[20, 30, 40]);
46 my $font = Imager::Font->new(...) or die;
47 $img->string(x => 50, y => 70,
49 string => "Hello, World!",
54 # bottom right-hand corner of the image
55 $img->align_string(x => $img->getwidth() - 1,
56 y => $img->getheight() - 1,
64 my @colors = $img->getscanline(y=>50, x=>10, width=>20);
66 $img->setscanline(y=>60, x=>20, pixels=>\@colors);
68 my @samples = $img->getsamples(y=>50, x=>10, width=>20,
73 It is possible to draw with graphics primitives onto images. Such
74 primitives include boxes, arcs, circles, polygons and lines. The
75 coordinate system in Imager has the origin C<(0,0)> in the upper left
76 corner of an image with co-ordinates increasing to the right and
77 bottom. For non anti-aliasing operation all coordinates are rounded
78 towards the nearest integer. For anti-aliased operations floating
79 point coordinates are used.
81 Drawing is assumed to take place in a coordinate system of infinite
82 resolution. This is the typical convention and really only matters when
83 it is necessary to check for off-by-one cases. Typically it's useful to
84 think of C<(10, 20)> as C<(10.00, 20.00)> and consider the consequences.
86 =head2 Color Parameters
88 X<color parameters>The C<color> parameter for any of the drawing
89 methods can be an L<Imager::Color> object, a simple scalar that
90 Imager::Color can understand, a hashref of parameters that
91 Imager::Color->new understands, or an arrayref of red, green, blue
94 $image->box(..., color=>'red');
95 $image->line(..., color=>'#FF0000');
96 $image->flood_fill(..., color=>[ 255, 0, 255 ]);
98 While supplying colors as names, array references or CSS color
99 specifiers is convenient, for maximum performance you should supply
100 the color as an L<Imager::Color> object:
102 my @colors = map Imager::Color->new($_), qw/red green blue/
103 for my $i (1..1000) {
104 $image->box(..., color => $colors[rand @colors]);
107 =head2 Fill Parameters
109 X<fill parameters>All filled primitives, i.e. C<arc()>, C<box()>,
110 C<circle()>, C<polygon()> and the C<flood_fill()> method can take a
111 C<fill> parameter instead of a C<color> parameter which can either be
112 an Imager::Fill object, or a reference to a hash containing the
113 parameters used to create the fill, for example:
115 $image->box(..., fill=>{ hatch => 'check1x1' });
116 my $fillimage = Imager->new;
117 $fillimage->read(file=>$somefile) or die;
118 $image->flood_fill(..., fill=>{ image=>$fillimage });
120 Currently you can create opaque or transparent plain color fills,
121 hatched fills, image based fills and fountain fills. See
122 L<Imager::Fill> for more information.
124 =head2 List of primitives
130 $img->line(color=>$green, x1=>10, x2=>100,
131 y1=>20, y2=>50, aa=>1, endp=>1 );
133 X<line method>Draws a line from (x1,y1) to (x2,y2). The endpoint
134 (x2,y2) is drawn by default. If C<endp> of 0 is specified then the
135 endpoint will not be drawn. If C<aa> is set then the line will be
136 drawn anti-aliased. The C<antialias> parameter is still available for
137 backwards compatibility.
145 C<x1>, C<y1> - starting point of the line. Required.
149 C<x2>, C<y2> - end point of the line. Required.
153 C<color> - the color of the line. See L</"Color Parameters">. Default:
158 C<endp> - if zero the end point of the line is not drawn. Default: 1
159 - the end point is drawn. This is useful to set to 0 when drawing a
160 series of connected lines.
164 C<aa> - if true the line is drawn anti-aliased. Default: 0.
170 $img->polyline(points=>[[$x0,$y0],[$x1,$y1],[$x2,$y2]],color=>$red);
171 $img->polyline(x=>[$x0,$x1,$x2], y=>[$y0,$y1,$y2], aa=>1);
173 X<polyline method>C<polyline> is used to draw multiple lines between a
174 series of points. The point set can either be specified as an
175 arrayref to an array of array references (where each such array
176 represents a point). The other way is to specify two array
179 The C<antialias> parameter is still available for backwards compatibility.
185 points - a reference to an array of references to arrays containing
186 the co-ordinates of the points in the line, for example:
188 my @points = ( [ 0, 0 ], [ 100, 0 ], [ 100, 100 ], [ 0, 100 ] );
189 $img->polyline(points => \@points);
193 x, y - each is an array of x or y ordinates. This is an alternative
194 to supplying the C<points> parameter.
196 # same as the above points example
197 my @x = ( 0, 100, 100, 0 );
198 my @y = ( 0, 0, 100, 100 );
199 $img->polyline(x => \@x, y => \@y);
203 C<color> - the color of the line. See L</"Color Parameters">.
208 C<aa> - if true the line is drawn anti-aliased. Default: 0. Can also
209 be supplied as C<antialias> for backward compatibility.
215 $blue = Imager::Color->new( 0, 0, 255 );
216 $img->box(color => $blue, xmin=>10, ymin=>30, xmax=>200, ymax=>300,
219 X<box method>If any of the edges of the box are omitted it will snap
220 to the outer edge of the image in that direction. If C<filled> is
221 omitted the box is drawn as an outline. Instead of a color it is
222 possible to use a C<fill> pattern:
224 $fill = Imager::Fill->new(hatch=>'stipple');
225 $img->box(fill=>$fill); # fill entire image with a given fill pattern
227 $img->box(xmin=>10, ymin=>30, xmax=>150, ymax=>60,
228 fill => { hatch=>'cross2' });
230 Also if a color is omitted a color with (255,255,255,255) is used
231 instead. [NOTE: This may change to use C<$img-E<gt>fgcolor()> in the future].
233 Box does not support fractional coordinates yet.
241 C<xmin> - left side of the box. Default: 0 (left edge of the image)
245 C<ymin> - top side of the box. Default: 0 (top edge of the image)
249 C<xmax> - right side of the box. Default: C<< $img->getwidth-1
250 >>. (right edge of the image)
254 C<ymax> - bottom side of the box. Default: C<< $img->getheight-1
255 >>. (bottom edge of the image)
257 Note: C<xmax> and C<ymax> are I<inclusive> - the number of pixels
258 drawn for a filled box is C<(xmax-xmin+1) * (ymax-ymin+1)>.
262 C<box> - a reference to an array of (left, top, right, bottom)
263 co-ordinates. This is an alternative to supplying C<xmin>, C<ymin>,
264 C<xmax>, C<ymax> and overrides their values.
268 C<color> - the color of the line. See L</"Color Parameters">.
269 Default: white. This is ignored if the filled parameter
273 C<filled> - if non-zero the box is filled with I<color> instead of
274 outlined. Default: an outline is drawn.
278 C<fill> - the fill for the box. If this is supplied then the box will be
279 filled. See L</"Fill Parameters">.
285 $img->arc(color=>$red, r=>20, x=>200, y=>100, d1=>10, d2=>20 );
287 This creates a filled red arc with a 'center' at (200, 100) and spans
288 10 degrees and the slice has a radius of 20.
290 It's also possible to supply a C<fill> parameter.
292 To draw just an arc outline - just the curve, not the radius lines,
297 $img->arc(color=>$red, r=>20, x=>200, y=>100, d1=>10, d2=>20, filled=>0 );
303 C<x>, C<y> - center of the filled arc. Default: center of the image.
307 C<r> - radius of the arc. Default: 1/3 of min(image height, image width).
311 C<d1> - starting angle of the arc, in degrees. Default: 0
315 C<d2> - ending angle of the arc, in degrees. Default: 361.
319 C<color> - the color of the filled arc. See L</"Color Parameters">.
320 Default: white. Overridden by C<fill>.
324 C<fill> - the fill for the filled arc. See L</"Fill Parameters">
328 C<aa> - if true the filled arc is drawn anti-aliased. Default: false.
330 Anti-aliased arc() is experimental for now, I'm not entirely happy
331 with the results in some cases.
335 C<filled> - set to 0 to draw only an outline.
339 # arc going through angle zero:
340 $img->arc(d1=>320, d2=>40, x=>100, y=>100, r=>50, color=>'blue');
343 $img->arc(d1=>135, d2=>45, x=>100, y=>150, r=>50,
344 fill=>{ solid=>'red', combine=>'diff' });
346 # draw an anti-aliased circle outline
347 $img->arc(x => 100, y => 150, r => 150, filled => 0,
348 color => '#F00', aa => 1);
350 # draw an anti-aliased arc
351 $img->arc(x => 100, y => 150, r => 90, filled => 0,
352 color => '#0f0', aa => 1, d1 => 90, d2 => 180);
356 $img->circle(color=>$green, r=>50, x=>200, y=>100, aa=>1, filled=>1);
358 This creates an anti-aliased green circle with its center at (200, 100)
359 and has a radius of 50. It's also possible to supply a C<fill> parameter
360 instead of a color parameter.
362 $img->circle(r => 50, x=> 150, y => 150, fill=>{ hatch => 'stipple' });
364 To draw a circular outline, set C<filled> to 0:
366 $img->circle(color=>$green, r=>50, x=>200, y=>100, aa=>1, filled=>0);
372 C<x>, C<y> - center of the filled circle. Default: center of the image.
376 C<r> - radius of the circle. Default: 1/3 of min(image height, image width).
380 C<color> - the color of the filled circle. See L</"Color Parameters">.
381 Default: white. Overridden by C<fill>.
385 C<fill> - the fill for the filled circle. See L</"Fill Parameters">
389 C<aa> - if true the filled circle is drawn anti-aliased. Default: false.
393 C<filled> - set to 0 to just draw an outline.
399 $img->polygon(points=>[[$x0,$y0],[$x1,$y1],[$x2,$y2]],color=>$red);
400 $img->polygon(x=>[$x0,$x1,$x2], y=>[$y0,$y1,$y2], fill=>$fill);
402 Polygon is used to draw a filled polygon. Currently the polygon is
403 always drawn anti-aliased, although that will change in the future.
404 Like other anti-aliased drawing functions its coordinates can be
405 specified with floating point values. As with other filled shapes
406 it's possible to use a C<fill> instead of a color.
412 C<points> - a reference to an array of references to arrays containing
413 the co-ordinates of the points in the line, for example:
415 my @points = ( [ 0, 0 ], [ 100, 0 ], [ 100, 100 ], [ 0, 100 ] );
416 $img->polygon(points => \@points);
420 C<x>, C<y> - each is an array of x or y ordinates. This is an alternative
421 to supplying the C<points> parameter.
423 # same as the above points example
424 my @x = ( 0, 100, 100, 0 );
425 my @y = ( 0, 0, 100, 100 );
426 $img->polygon(x => \@x, y => \@y);
430 C<color> - the color of the filled polygon. See L</"Color Parameters">.
431 Default: black. Overridden by C<fill>.
435 C<fill> - the fill for the filled circle. See L</"Fill Parameters">
441 X<flood_fill>You can fill a region that all has the same color using
442 the flood_fill() method, for example:
444 $img->flood_fill(x=>50, y=>50, color=>$color);
446 will fill all regions the same color connected to the point (50, 50).
448 Alternatively you can fill a region limited by a given border color:
450 # stop at the red border
451 $im->flood_fill(x=>50, y=>50, color=>$color, border=>"red");
453 You can also fill with a complex fill:
455 $img->flood_fill(x=>50, y=>50, fill=>{ hatch=>'cross1x1' });
463 C<x>, C<y> - the start point of the fill.
467 C<color> - the color of the filled area. See L</"Color Parameters">.
468 Default: white. Overridden by C<fill>.
472 C<fill> - the fill for the filled area. See L</"Fill Parameters">
476 C<border> - the border color of the region to be filled. If this
477 parameter is supplied flood_fill() will stop when it finds this color.
478 If this is not supplied then a normal fill is done. C<border> can be
479 supplied as a L</"Color Parameters">.
485 $img->setpixel(x=>50, y=>70, color=>$color);
486 $img->setpixel(x=>[ 50, 60, 70 ], y=>[20, 30, 40], color=>$color);
488 setpixel() is used to set one or more individual pixels.
496 x, y - either integers giving the co-ordinates of the pixel to set or
497 array references containing a set of pixels to be set.
501 color - the color of the pixels drawn. See L</"Color Parameters">.
506 When called with array parameters, returns the number of pixels
507 successfully set, or false if none.
509 When called with scalars for x and y, return $img on success, false on
514 my $color = $img->getpixel(x=>50, y=>70);
515 my @colors = $img->getpixel(x=>[ 50, 60, 70 ], y=>[20, 30, 40]);
516 my $colors_ref = $img->getpixel(x=>[ 50, 60, 70 ], y=>[20, 30, 40]);
518 getpixel() is used to retrieve one or more individual pixels.
520 For either method you can supply a single set of co-ordinates as
521 scalar x and y parameters, or set each to an arrayref of ordinates.
523 When called with arrays, getpixel() will return a list of colors in
524 list context, and an arrayref in scalar context.
526 To receive floating point colors from getpixel(), set the C<type>
527 parameter to 'float'.
535 x, y - either integers giving the co-ordinates of the pixel to set or
536 array references containing a set of pixels to be set.
540 type - the type of color object to return, either C<'8bit'> for
541 Imager::Color objects or C<'float'> for Imager::Color::Float objects.
548 my $font = Imager::Font->new(file=>"foo.ttf");
549 $img->string(x => 50, y => 70,
550 string => "Hello, World!",
556 Draws text on the image.
564 C<x>, C<y> - the point to draw the text from. If C<align> is 0 this
565 is the top left of the string. If C<align> is 1 (the default) then
566 this is the left of the string on the baseline. Required.
570 C<string> - the text to draw. Required unless you supply the C<text>
575 C<font> - an L<Imager::Font> object representing the font to draw the
580 C<aa> - if non-zero the output will be anti-aliased. Default: the value
581 set in Imager::Font->new() or 0 if not set.
585 C<align> - if non-zero the point supplied in (x,y) will be on the
586 base-line, if zero then (x,y) will be at the top-left of the string.
588 i.e. if drawing the string C<"yA"> and align is 0 the point (x,y) will
589 aligned with the top of the A. If align is 1 (the default) it will be
590 aligned with the baseline of the font, typically bottom of the A,
591 depending on the font used.
593 Default: the value set in Imager::Font->new, or 1 if not set.
597 C<channel> - if present, the text will be written to the specified
598 channel of the image and the color parameter will be ignore.
602 C<color> - the color to draw the text in. Default: the color supplied to
603 Imager::Font->new, or red if none.
607 C<size> - the point size to draw the text at. Default: the size
608 supplied to Imager::Font->new, or 15.
612 C<sizew> - the width scaling to draw the text at. Default: the value
617 C<utf8> - for drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8
618 encoded. For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later),
619 this will be enabled automatically if the C<string> parameter is
620 already a UTF-8 string. See L<Imager::Font/"UTF-8"> for more
625 C<vlayout> - for drivers that support it, draw the text vertically.
626 Note: I haven't found a font that has the appropriate metrics yet.
630 C<text> - alias for the C<string> parameter.
634 On error, string() returns false and you can use $img->errstr to get
635 the reason for the error.
639 Draws text aligned around a point on the image.
641 # "Hello" centered at 100, 100 in the image.
642 my ($left, $top, $right, $bottom) =
643 $img->align_string(string=>"Hello",
645 halign=>'center', valign=>'center',
654 C<x>, C<y> - the point to draw the text from. If C<align> is 0 this
655 is the top left of the string. If C<align> is 1 (the default) then
656 this is the left of the string on the baseline. Required.
660 C<string> - the text to draw. Required unless you supply the C<text>
665 C<font> - an L<Imager::Font> object representing the font to draw the
670 C<aa> - if non-zero the output will be anti-aliased
674 C<valign> - vertical alignment of the text against (x,y)
680 C<top> - Point is at the top of the text.
684 C<bottom> - Point is at the bottom of the text.
688 C<baseline> - Point is on the baseline of the text. This is the default.
692 C<center> - Point is vertically centered within the text.
698 C<halign> - horizontal alignment of the text against (x,y)
704 C<left> - The point is at the left of the text. This is the default.
708 C<start> - The point is at the start point of the text.
712 C<center> - The point is horizontally centered within the text.
716 C<right> - The point is at the right end of the text.
720 C<end> - The point is at the end point of the text.
726 C<channel> - if present, the text will be written to the specified
727 channel of the image and the color parameter will be ignore.
731 C<color> - the color to draw the text in. Default: the color supplied to
732 Imager::Font->new, or red if none.
736 C<size> - the point size to draw the text at. Default: the size supplied
737 to Imager::Font->new, or 15.
741 C<sizew> - the width scaling to draw the text at. Default: the value of
746 C<utf8> - for drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8
747 encoded. For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later),
748 this will be enabled automatically if the C<string> parameter is
749 already a UTF-8 string. See L<Imager::Font/"UTF-8"> for more
754 C<vlayout> - for drivers that support it, draw the text vertically.
755 Note: I haven't found a font that has the appropriate metrics yet.
759 C<text> - alias for the C<string> parameter.
763 On success returns a list of bounds of the drawn text, in the order
764 left, top, right, bottom.
766 On error, align_string() returns an empty list and you can use
767 C<< $img->errstr >> to get the reason for the error.
771 Set all or part of a horizontal line of pixels to an image. This
772 method is most useful in conjunction with L</getscanline()>.
774 The parameters you can pass are:
780 C<y> - vertical position of the scan line. This parameter is required.
784 C<x> - position to start on the scan line. Default: 0
788 C<pixels> - either a reference to an array containing Imager::Color
789 objects, an reference to an array containing Imager::Color::Float
790 objects or a scalar containing packed color data.
792 If C<type> is C<index> then this can either be a reference to an array
793 of palette color indexes or a scalar containing packed indexes.
795 See L</"Packed Color Data"> for information on the format of packed
800 C<type> - the type of pixel data supplied. If you supply an array
801 reference of object then this is determined automatically. If you
802 supply packed color data this defaults to C<'8bit'>, if your data is
803 packed floating point color data then set this to C<'float'>.
805 You can use C<float> or C<8bit> samples with any image.
807 If this is 'index' then pixels should be either an array of palette
808 color indexes or a packed string of color indexes.
812 Returns the number of pixels set.
814 Each of the following sets 5 pixels from (5, 10) through (9, 10) to
815 blue, red, blue, red, blue:
817 my $red_color = Imager::Color->new(255, 0, 0);
818 my $blue_color = Imager::Color->new(0, 0, 255);
820 $image->setscanline(y=>10, x=>5, pixels=>
821 [ ($blue_color, $red_color) x 2, $blue_color ]);
823 # use floating point color instead, for 16-bit plus images
824 my $red_colorf = Imager::Color::Float->new(1.0, 0, 0);
825 my $blue_colorf = Imager::Color::Float->new(0, 0, 1.0);
827 $image->setscanline(y=>10, x=>5, pixels=>
828 [ ($blue_colorf, $red_colorf) x 2, $blue_colorf ]);
831 $image->setscanline(y=>10, x=>5, pixels=>
832 pack("C*", ((0, 0, 255, 255), (255, 0, 0, 255)) x 2,
835 # packed floating point samples
836 $image->setscanline(y=>10, x=>5, type=>'float', pixels=>
837 pack("d*", ((0, 0, 1.0, 1.0), (1.0, 0, 0, 1.0)) x 2,
841 Copy even rows from one image to another:
843 for (my $y = 0; $y < $im2->getheight; $y+=2) {
844 $im1->setscanline(y=>$y,
845 pixels=>scalar($im2->getscanline(y=>$y)));
849 Set the blue channel to 0 for all pixels in an image. This could be
850 done with convert too:
852 for my $y (0..$im->getheight-1) {
853 my $row = $im->getscanline(y=>$y);
854 $row =~ s/(..).(.)/$1\0$2/gs;
855 $im->setscanline(y=>$y, pixels=>$row);
860 Read all or part of a horizontal line of pixels from an image. This
861 method is most useful in conjunction with L</setscanline()>.
863 The parameters you can pass are:
869 C<y> - vertical position of the scan line. This parameter is required.
873 C<x> - position to start on the scan line. Default: 0
877 C<width> - number of pixels to read. Default: $img->getwidth - x
881 C<type> - the type of pixel data to return. Default: C<8bit>.
883 Permitted values are C<8bit> and C<float> and C<index>.
887 In list context this method will return a list of Imager::Color
888 objects when I<type> is C<8bit>, or a list of Imager::Color::Float
889 objects when I<type> if C<float>, or a list of integers when I<type>
892 In scalar context this returns a packed 8-bit pixels when I<type> is
893 C<8bit>, or a list of packed floating point pixels when I<type> is
894 C<float>, or packed palette color indexes when I<type> is C<index>.
896 The values of samples for which the image does not have channels is
897 undefined. For example, for a single channel image the values of
898 channels 1 through 3 are undefined.
900 Check image for a given color:
903 YLOOP: for my $y (0..$img->getheight-1) {
904 my @colors = $img->getscanline(y=>$y);
905 for my $color (@colors) {
906 my ($red, $green, $blue, $alpha) = $color->rgba;
907 if ($red == $test_red && $green == $test_green && $blue == $test_blue
908 && $alpha == $test_alpha) {
915 Or do it using packed data:
918 my $test_packed = pack("CCCC", $test_red, $test_green, $test_blue,
920 YLOOP: for my $y (0..$img->getheight-1) {
921 my $colors = $img->getscanline(y=>$y);
922 while (length $colors) {
923 if (substr($colors, 0, 4, '') eq $test_packed) {
930 Some of the examples for L</setscanline()> for more examples.
934 Read specified channels from all or part of a horizontal line of
935 pixels from an image.
937 The parameters you can pass are:
943 C<y> - vertical position of the scan line. This parameter is required.
947 C<x> - position to start on the scan line. Default: 0
951 C<width> - number of pixels to read. Default: C<< $img->getwidth - x >>
955 C<type> - the type of sample data to return. Default: C<8bit>.
957 Permitted values are C<8bit> and C<float>.
959 As of Imager 0.61 this can be C<16bit> only for 16 bit images.
963 C<channels> - a reference to an array of channels to return, where 0
964 is the first channel. Default: C<< [ 0 .. $self->getchannels()-1 ] >>
968 C<target> - if an array reference is supplied in target then the samples
969 will be stored here instead of being returned.
973 C<offset> - the offset within the array referenced by I<target>
977 In list context this will return a list of integers between 0 and 255
978 inclusive when I<type> is C<8bit>, or a list of floating point numbers
979 between 0.0 and 1.0 inclusive when I<type> is C<float>.
981 In scalar context this will return a string of packed bytes, as with
982 C< pack("C*", ...) > when I<type> is C<8bit> or a string of packed
983 doubles as with C< pack("d*", ...) > when I<type> is C<float>.
985 If the I<target> option is supplied then only a count of samples is
988 Example: Check if any pixels in an image have a non-zero alpha
992 for my $y (0 .. $img->getheight()-1) {
993 my $alpha = $img->getsamples(y=>$y, channels=>[0]);
994 if ($alpha =~ /[^\0]/) {
1000 Example: Convert a 2 channel gray image into a 4 channel RGBA image:
1002 # this could be done with convert() instead
1003 my $out = Imager->new(xsize => $src->getwidth(),
1004 ysize => $src->getheight(),
1006 for my $y ( 0 .. $src->getheight()-1 ) {
1007 my $data = $src->getsamples(y=>$y, channels=>[ 0, 0, 0, 1 ]);
1008 $out->setscanline(y=>$y, pixels=>$data);
1011 Retrieve 16-bit samples:
1013 if ($img->bits == 16) {
1015 $img->getsamples(x => 0, y => $y, target => \@samples, type => '16bit');
1020 This allows writing of samples back to some images. Currently this is
1021 only supported for 16-bit/sample images.
1029 C<y> - vertical position of the scan line. This parameter is required.
1033 C<x> - position to start on the scan line. Default: 0
1037 C<width> - number of pixels to write. Default: C<< $img->getwidth - x >>.
1038 The minimum of this and the number of pixels represented by the
1039 samples provided will be written.
1043 C<type> - the type of sample data to write. This parameter is required.
1045 As of Imager 0.61 this can only be C<16bit> only for 16 bit images.
1049 C<channels> - a reference to an array of channels to return, where 0 is
1050 the first channel. Default: C<< [ 0 .. $self->getchannels()-1 ] >>
1054 C<data> - a reference to an array of samples to write. Required.
1058 C<offset> - the starting offset within the array referenced by I<data>
1062 Returns the number of samples written.
1066 =head1 Packed Color Data
1068 The getscanline() and setscanline() functions can work with pixels
1069 packed into scalars. This is useful to remove the cost of creating
1070 color objects, but should only be used when performance is an issue.
1072 Packed data can either be 1 byte per sample or 1 double per sample.
1074 Each pixel returned by getscanline() or supplied to setscanline()
1075 contains 4 samples, even if the image has fewer then 4 channels. The
1076 values of the extra samples as returned by getscanline() is not
1077 specified. The extra samples passed to setscanline() are ignored.
1079 To produce packed 1 byte/sample pixels, use the pack C<C> template:
1081 my $packed_8bit_pixel = pack("CCCC", $red, $blue, $green, $alpha);
1083 To produce packed double/sample pixels, use the pack C<d> template:
1085 my $packed_float_pixel = pack("dddd", $red, $blue, $green, $alpha);
1087 If you use a I<type> parameter of C<index> then the values are palette
1088 color indexes, not sample values:
1090 my $im = Imager->new(xsize => 100, ysize => 100, type => 'paletted');
1091 my $black_index = $im->addcolors(colors => [ 'black' ]);
1092 my $red_index = $im->addcolors(colors => [ 'red' ]);
1094 my $packed_index_data = pack("C*", $black_index, $red_index);
1095 $im->setscanline(y => $y, pixels => $packed_index_data, type => 'index');
1097 =head1 Combine Types
1099 Some methods accept a C<combine> parameter, this can be any of the
1106 The fill pixel replaces the target pixel.
1110 The fill pixels alpha value is used to combine it with the target pixel.
1116 Each channel of fill and target is multiplied, and the result is
1117 combined using the alpha channel of the fill pixel.
1121 If the alpha of the fill pixel is greater than a random number, the
1122 fill pixel is alpha combined with the target pixel.
1126 The channels of the fill and target are added together, clamped to the range of the samples and alpha combined with the target.
1130 The channels of the fill are subtracted from the target, clamped to be
1131 >= 0, and alpha combined with the target.
1135 The channels of the fill are subtracted from the target and the
1136 absolute value taken this is alpha combined with the target.
1140 The higher value is taken from each channel of the fill and target
1141 pixels, which is then alpha combined with the target.
1145 The higher value is taken from each channel of the fill and target
1146 pixels, which is then alpha combined with the target.
1150 The combination of the saturation and value of the target is combined
1151 with the hue of the fill pixel, and is then alpha combined with the
1156 The combination of the hue and value of the target is combined
1157 with the saturation of the fill pixel, and is then alpha combined with the
1162 The combination of the hue and value of the target is combined
1163 with the value of the fill pixel, and is then alpha combined with the
1168 The combination of the value of the target is combined with the hue
1169 and saturation of the fill pixel, and is then alpha combined with the
1178 Returns a list of possible combine types.
1184 box() does not support anti-aliasing yet. Default color is not
1189 Tony Cook <tony@imager.perl.org>, Arnar M. Hrafnkelsson.
1193 L<Imager>(3), L<Imager::Cookbook>(3)