3 Imager::Filters - Entire Image Filtering Operations
11 $img->filter(type=>'autolevels');
12 $img->filter(type=>'autolevels', lsat=>0.2);
13 $img->filter(type=>'turbnoise')
17 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
18 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
20 $img->filter(type=>'lin_stretch', a=>35, b=>200);
22 unload_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
23 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
25 $out = $img->difference(other=>$other_img);
29 Filters are operations that have similar calling interface.
31 =head2 Types of Filters
33 Here is a list of the filters that are always avaliable in Imager.
34 This list can be obtained by running the C<filterlist.perl> script
35 that comes with the module source.
37 Filter Arguments Default value
42 bumpmap bump lightx lighty
95 unsharpmask stddev 2.0
103 All parameters must have some value but if a parameter has a default
104 value it may be omitted when calling the filter function.
106 A reference of the filters follows:
112 scales the value of each channel so that the values in the image will
113 cover the whole possible range for the channel. I<lsat> and I<usat>
114 truncate the range by the specified fraction at the top and bottom of
115 the range respectivly.
117 # increase contrast, losing little detail
118 my $levels = $img->filter(type=>"autolevels");
120 # increase contrast, losing 20% of highlight at top and bottom range
121 my $trunc_levels = $img->filter(type=>"autolevels", lsat=>0.2, usat=>0.2);
125 uses the channel I<elevation> image I<bump> as a bumpmap on your
126 image, with the light at (I<lightx>, I<lightty>), with a shadow length
129 my $shadowed = $img->filter(type=>"bumpmap", bump=>$bumpmap_img,
130 lightx=>10, lighty=>10, st=>5);
132 =item bumpmap_complex
134 uses the channel I<channel> image I<bump> as a bumpmap on your image.
135 If Lz<0 the three L parameters are considered to be the direction of
136 the light. If Lz>0 the L parameters are considered to be the light
137 position. I<Ia> is the ambient colour, I<Il> is the light colour,
138 I<Is> is the color of specular highlights. I<cd> is the diffuse
139 coefficient and I<cs> is the specular coefficient. I<n> is the
140 shininess of the surface.
142 my $shadowed = $img->filter(type=>"bumpmap_complex", bump=>$bumpmap_img);
146 scales each channel by I<intensity>. Values of I<intensity> < 1.0
147 will reduce the contrast.
149 my $high_contrast = $img->filter(type=>"contrast", intensity=>1.3);
150 my $low_contrast = $img->filter(type=>"contrast", intensity=>0.8);
154 performs 2 1-dimensional convolutions on the image using the values
155 from I<coef>. I<coef> should be have an odd length and the sum of the
156 coefficients must be non-zero.
158 my $sharper = $img->filter(type=>"conv", coef=>[-0.5, 2, -0.5 ]);
159 my $blur = $img->filter(type=>"conv", coef=>[ 1, 2, 1 ]);
163 renders a fountain fill, similar to the gradient tool in most paint
164 software. The default fill is a linear fill from opaque black to
165 opaque white. The points A(xa, ya) and B(xb, yb) control the way the
166 fill is performed, depending on the ftype parameter:
172 the fill ramps from A through to B.
176 the fill ramps in both directions from A, where AB defines the length
181 A is the center of a circle, and B is a point on it's circumference.
182 The fill ramps from the center out to the circumference.
186 A is the center of a square and B is the center of one of it's sides.
187 This can be used to rotate the square. The fill ramps out to the
192 A is the centre of a circle and B is a point on it's circumference. B
193 marks the 0 and 360 point on the circle, with the fill ramping
198 A is the center of a circle and B is a point on it's circumference. B
199 marks the 0 and point on the circle, with the fill ramping in both
200 directions to meet opposite.
204 The I<repeat> option controls how the fill is repeated for some
205 I<ftype>s after it leaves the AB range:
211 no repeats, points outside of each range are treated as if they were
212 on the extreme end of that range.
216 the fill simply repeats in the positive direction
220 the fill repeats in reverse and then forward and so on, in the
225 the fill repeats in both the positive and negative directions (only
226 meaningful for a linear fill).
230 as for triangle, but in the negative direction too (only meaningful
235 By default the fill simply overwrites the whole image (unless you have
236 parts of the range 0 through 1 that aren't covered by a segment), if
237 any segments of your fill have any transparency, you can set the
238 I<combine> option to 'normal' to have the fill combined with the
239 existing pixels. See the description of I<combine> in L<Imager::Fill>.
241 If your fill has sharp edges, for example between steps if you use
242 repeat set to 'triangle', you may see some aliased or ragged edges.
243 You can enable super-sampling which will take extra samples within the
244 pixel in an attempt anti-alias the fill.
246 The possible values for the super_sample option are:
252 no super-sampling is done
256 a square grid of points are sampled. The number of points sampled is
257 the square of ceil(0.5 + sqrt(ssample_param)).
261 a random set of points within the pixel are sampled. This looks
262 pretty bad for low ssample_param values.
266 the points on the radius of a circle within the pixel are sampled.
267 This seems to produce the best results, but is fairly slow (for now).
271 You can control the level of sampling by setting the ssample_param
272 option. This is roughly the number of points sampled, but depends on
273 the type of sampling.
275 The segments option is an arrayref of segments. You really should use
276 the L<Imager::Fountain> class to build your fountain fill. Each
277 segment is an array ref containing:
283 a floating point number between 0 and 1, the start of the range of
284 fill parameters covered by this segment.
288 a floating point number between start and end which can be used to
289 push the color range towards one end of the segment.
293 a floating point number between 0 and 1, the end of the range of fill
294 parameters covered by this segment. This should be greater than
301 The colors at each end of the segment. These can be either
302 Imager::Color or Imager::Color::Float objects.
306 The type of segment, this controls the way the fill parameter varies
307 over the segment. 0 for linear, 1 for curved (unimplemented), 2 for
308 sine, 3 for sphere increasing, 4 for sphere decreasing.
312 The way the color varies within the segment, 0 for simple RGB, 1 for
313 hue increasing and 2 for hue decreasing.
317 Don't forget to use Imager::Fountain instead of building your own.
318 Really. It even loads GIMP gradient files.
322 performs a gaussian blur of the image, using I<stddev> as the standard
323 deviation of the curve used to combine pixels, larger values give
324 bigger blurs. For a definition of Gaussian Blur, see:
326 http://www.maths.abdn.ac.uk/~igc/tch/mx4002/notes/node99.html
328 Values of C<stddev> around 0.5 provide a barely noticable blur, values
329 around 5 provide a very strong blur.
331 my $slight_blur = $img->filter(type=>"gaussian", stddev=>0.5);
332 my $blurry = $img->filter(type=>"gaussian", stddev=>5);
336 renders a gradient, with the given I<colors> at the corresponding
337 points (x,y) in I<xo> and I<yo>. You can specify the way distance is
338 measured for color blending by setting I<dist> to 0 for Euclidean, 1
339 for Euclidean squared, and 2 for Manhattan distance.
341 my $redbluegreen = $img->filter
342 (type="gradgen", xo=>[ 10, 50, 10 ], yo=>[ 10, 50, 50 ],
343 colors=>[ qw(red blue green) ]);
347 inverts the image, black to white, white to black. All channels are
348 inverted, including the alpha channel if any.
350 my $inverted = $img->filter(type=>"hardinvert");
354 produces averaged tiles of the given I<size>.
356 my $mosaic = $img->filter(type=>"mosaic", size=>5);
360 adds noise of the given I<amount> to the image. If I<subtype> is
361 zero, the noise is even to each channel, otherwise noise is added to
362 each channel independently.
364 my $mono_noise = $img->filter(type=>"noise", amount=>20, subtype=>0);
365 my $color_noise = $img->filter(type=>"noise", amount=>20, subtype=>1);
369 renders radiant Perlin turbulent noise. The centre of the noise is at
370 (I<xo>, I<yo>), I<ascale> controls the angular scale of the noise ,
371 and I<rscale> the radial scale, higher numbers give more detail.
373 my $radial_noise = $img->filter(type=>"radnoise", xo=>50, yo=>50,
374 ascale=>1, rscale=>0.02);
378 alters the image to have only I<levels> distinct level in each
381 my $posted = $img->filter(type=>"postlevels", levels=>10);
385 renders Perlin turbulent noise. (I<xo>, I<yo>) controls the origin of
386 the noise, and I<scale> the scale of the noise, with lower numbers
389 my $noise = $img->filter(type=>"turbnoise", xo=>10, yo=>10, scale=>10);
393 performs an unsharp mask on the image. This is the result of
394 subtracting a gaussian blurred version of the image from the original.
395 I<stddev> controls the stddev parameter of the gaussian blur. Each
396 output pixel is: in + I<scale> * (in - blurred).
398 my $unsharp = $img->filter(type=>"unsharpmask", stddev=>1, scale=>0.5);
402 applies I<wmark> as a watermark on the image with strength I<pixdiff>,
403 with an origin at (I<tx>, I<ty>)
405 my $marked = $img->filter(type=>"watermark", tx=>10, ty=>50,
406 wmark=>$wmark_image, pixdiff=>50);
410 A demonstration of most of the filters can be found at:
412 http://www.develop-help.com/imager/filters.html
414 (This is a slow link.)
419 It is possible to add filters to the module without recompiling the
420 module itself. This is done by using DSOs (Dynamic shared object)
421 avaliable on most systems. This way you can maintain our own filters
422 and not have to get me to add it, or worse patch every new version of
423 the Module. Modules can be loaded AND UNLOADED at runtime. This
424 means that you can have a server/daemon thingy that can do something
427 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
428 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
430 $img->filter(type=>'lin_stretch', a=>35, b=>200);
432 unload_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
433 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
435 Someone decides that the filter is not working as it should -
436 dyntest.c modified and recompiled.
438 load_plugin("dynfilt/dyntest.so")
439 or die "unable to load plugin\n";
443 An example plugin comes with the module - Please send feedback to
444 addi@umich.edu if you test this.
446 Note: This seems to test ok on the following systems:
447 Linux, Solaris, HPUX, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, TRU64/OSF1, AIX.
448 If you test this on other systems please let me know.
450 =head2 Image Difference
452 You can create a new image that is the difference between 2 other images.
454 my $diff = $img->difference(other=>$other_img);
456 For each pixel in $img that is different to the pixel in $other_img,
457 the pixel from $other_img is given, otherwise the pixel is transparent
460 This can be used for debugging image differences ("Where are they
461 different?"), and for optimizing animated GIFs.
463 Note that $img and $other_img must have the same number of channels.
464 The width and heigh of $diff will be the minimum of each of the width
465 and height of $img and $other_img.