9 # the aim here is that we can:
10 # - add file based types in one place: here
11 # - make sure we only attempt to create types that exist
12 # - give reasonable defaults
13 # - give the user some control over which types get used
17 class=>'Imager::Font::Truetype',
18 module=>'Imager/Font/Truetype.pm',
20 description => 'FreeType 1.x',
24 class=>'Imager::Font::Type1',
25 module=>'Imager/Font/Type1.pm',
27 description => 'T1Lib',
31 class=>'Imager::Font::FT2',
32 module=>'Imager/Font/FT2.pm',
33 files=>'.*\.(pfa|pfb|otf|ttf|fon|fnt|dfont|pcf(\.gz)?)$',
34 description => 'FreeType 2.x',
37 class=>'Imager::Font::Image',
38 module=>'Imager/Font/Image.pm',
42 class=>'Imager::Font::W32',
43 module=>'Imager/Font/W32.pm',
44 description => 'Win32 GDI Fonts',
48 # this currently should only contain file based types, don't add w32
49 my @priority = qw(t1 tt ft2 ifs);
54 my ($file, $type, $id);
55 my %hsh=(color => Imager::Color->new(255,0,0,0),
66 unless ($drivers{$type}) {
67 Imager->_set_error("Unknown font type $type");
71 unless ($Imager::formats{$type}) {
72 Imager->_set_error("The $type {$drivers{$type}) font driver is not installed");
77 for my $drv (@priority) {
79 my $re = $drivers{$drv}{files} or next;
80 if ($file =~ /$re/i) {
81 if (eval { require $drivers{$drv}{module}; 1 } and !( $drivers{$drv}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$drv} )) {
88 if (!defined($type)) {
89 # some types we can support, but the driver isn't available
90 # work out which drivers support it, so we can provide the user
91 # some useful information on how to get it working
93 for my $driver_name (keys %drivers) {
94 my $driver = $drivers{$driver_name};
95 push @not_here, "$driver_name ($driver->{description})"
96 if $driver->{files} && $file =~ /$driver->{files}/i;
99 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font drivers enabled that can support this file, rebuild Imager with any of ".join(", ", @not_here)." to use this font file";
102 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font type found for $hsh{'file'}";
106 } elsif ($hsh{face}) {
109 $Imager::ERRSTR="No font file specified";
113 if ($drivers{$type}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$type}) {
114 $Imager::ERRSTR = "`$type' not enabled";
118 # here we should have the font type or be dead already.
120 require $drivers{$type}{module};
121 return $drivers{$type}{class}->new(%hsh);
124 # returns first defined parameter
127 return $_ if defined $_;
134 my %input = ('x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_);
135 unless ($input{image}) {
136 $Imager::ERRSTR = 'No image supplied to $font->draw()';
139 my $image = $input{image};
140 $input{string} = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
141 unless (defined $input{string}) {
142 $image->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
145 $input{aa} = _first($input{aa}, $input{antialias}, $self->{aa}, 1);
146 # the original draw code worked this out but didn't use it
147 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, $self->{align});
148 $input{color} = _first($input{color}, $self->{color});
149 $input{color} = Imager::_color($input{'color'});
151 $input{size} = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
152 unless (defined $input{size}) {
153 $image->_set_error("No font size provided");
156 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, 1);
157 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
158 $input{vlayout} = _first($input{vlayout}, $self->{vlayout}, 0);
160 my $result = $self->_draw(%input);
162 $image->_set_error($image->_error_as_msg());
170 my %input = ( halign => 'left', valign => 'baseline',
171 'x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_ );
173 # image needs to be supplied, but can be supplied as undef
174 unless (exists $input{image}) {
175 Imager->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'image'");
179 my $errors_to = $input{image} || 'Imager';
181 my $text = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
182 unless (defined $text) {
183 $errors_to->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
187 my $size = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
188 my $utf8 = _first($input{utf8}, 0);
190 my $bbox = $self->bounding_box(string=>$text, size=>$size, utf8=>$utf8);
191 my $valign = $input{valign};
193 unless $valign && $valign =~ /^(?:top|center|bottom|baseline)$/;
195 my $halign = $input{halign};
197 unless $halign && $halign =~ /^(?:left|start|center|end|right)$/;
202 if ($valign eq 'top') {
205 elsif ($valign eq 'center') {
206 $y += $bbox->ascent - $bbox->text_height / 2;
208 elsif ($valign eq 'bottom') {
209 $y += $bbox->descent;
211 # else baseline is the default
213 if ($halign eq 'left') {
214 $x -= $bbox->start_offset;
216 elsif ($halign eq 'start') {
219 elsif ($halign eq 'center') {
220 $x -= $bbox->start_offset + $bbox->total_width / 2;
222 elsif ($halign eq 'end') {
223 $x -= $bbox->advance_width;
225 elsif ($halign eq 'right') {
226 $x -= $bbox->advance_width - $bbox->right_bearing;
232 delete @input{qw/x y/};
233 $self->draw(%input, 'x' => $x, 'y' => $y, align=>1)
237 return ($x+$bbox->start_offset, $y-$bbox->ascent,
238 $x+$bbox->end_offset, $y-$bbox->descent+1);
245 if (!exists $input{'string'}) {
246 $Imager::ERRSTR='string parameter missing';
249 $input{size} ||= $self->{size};
250 $input{sizew} = _first($input{sizew}, $self->{sizew}, 0);
251 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
253 my @box = $self->_bounding_box(%input);
256 if(@box && exists $input{'x'} and exists $input{'y'}) {
257 my($gdescent, $gascent)=@box[1,3];
258 $box[1]=$input{'y'}-$gascent; # top = base - ascent (Y is down)
259 $box[3]=$input{'y'}-$gdescent; # bottom = base - descent (Y is down, descent is negative)
260 $box[0]+=$input{'x'};
261 $box[2]+=$input{'x'};
262 } elsif (@box && $input{'canon'}) {
263 $box[3]-=$box[1]; # make it cannoical (ie (0,0) - (width, height))
269 require Imager::Font::BBox;
271 return Imager::Font::BBox->new(@box);
278 # I'm assuming a default of 72 dpi
281 $Imager::ERRSTR = "Setting dpi not implemented for this font type";
293 # this is split into transform() and _transform() so we can
294 # implement other tags like: degrees=>12, which would build a
295 # 12 degree rotation matrix
296 # but I'll do that later
297 unless ($hsh{matrix}) {
298 $Imager::ERRSTR = "You need to supply a matrix";
302 return $self->_transform(%hsh);
306 $Imager::ERRSTR = "This type of font cannot be transformed";
325 my ($self, %opts) = @_;
327 my $type = delete $opts{type};
328 my $class = delete $opts{class};
329 my $files = delete $opts{files};
330 my $description = delete $opts{description} || $class;
333 or return Imager->_set_error("No type parameter supplied to Imager::Font->regster");
336 or return Imager->_set_error("No class parameter supplied to Imager::Font->register");
340 or return Imager->_set_error("files isn't a valid regexp");
343 if ($drivers{$type} && $drivers{$type}{class} ne $class) {
344 Imager->_set_error("Font type $type already registered as $drivers{$type}{class}");
348 (my $module = $class . ".pm") =~ s(::)(/)g;
354 description => $description,
356 $files and $driver->{files} = $files;
358 $drivers{$type} = $driver;
369 Imager::Font - Font handling for Imager.
375 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.pfb');
376 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf');
377 $w32font = Imager::Font->new(face => 'Times New Roman');
379 $blue = Imager::Color->new("#0000FF");
380 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf',
391 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
393 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
395 # documented in Imager::Draw
396 $img->string(font => $font,
406 =for stopwords TrueType FreeType
408 This module handles creating Font objects used by Imager. The module
409 also handles querying fonts for sizes and such. If both T1lib and
410 FreeType were available at the time of compilation then Imager should
411 be able to work with both TrueType fonts and t1 Postscript fonts. To
412 check if Imager is t1 or TrueType capable you can use something like
416 print "Has truetype" if $Imager::formats{tt};
417 print "Has t1 postscript" if $Imager::formats{t1};
418 print "Has Win32 fonts" if $Imager::formats{w32};
419 print "Has Freetype2" if $Imager::formats{ft2};
425 This creates a font object to pass to functions that take a font argument.
427 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'denmark.ttf',
433 This creates a font which is the TrueType font F<denmark.ttf>. It's
434 default color is $blue, default size is 30 pixels and it's rendered
435 anti-aliased by default. Imager can see which type of font a file is
436 by looking at the suffix of the file name for the font. A suffix of
437 C<ttf> is taken to mean a TrueType font while a suffix of C<pfb> is
438 taken to mean a Type 1 Postscript font. If Imager cannot tell which
439 type a font is you can tell it explicitly by using the C<type>
442 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'fruitcase', type => 't1');
443 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'arglebarf', type => 'tt');
445 The C<index> parameter is used to select a single face from a font
446 file containing more than one face, for example, from a Macintosh font
447 suitcase or a C<.dfont> file.
449 If any of the C<color>, C<size> or C<aa> parameters are omitted when
450 calling C<< Imager::Font->new() >> the they take the following values:
452 color => Imager::Color->new(255, 0, 0, 0); # this default should be changed
457 To use Win32 fonts supply the face name of the font:
459 $font = Imager::Font->new(face=>'Arial Bold Italic');
461 There isn't any access to other logical font attributes, but this
462 typically isn't necessary for Win32 TrueType fonts, since you can
463 construct the full name of the font as above.
465 Other logical font attributes may be added if there is sufficient demand.
473 C<file> - name of the file to load the font from.
479 C<face> - face name. This is used only under Win32 to create a GDI based
480 font. This is ignored if the C<file> parameter is supplied.
484 C<type> - font driver to use. Currently the permitted values for this are:
490 C<tt> - FreeType 1.x driver. Supports TrueType (C<.ttf>) fonts.
494 =for stopwords strikethrough overline
496 C<t1> - T1 Lib driver. Supports Postscript Type 1 fonts. Allows for
497 synthesis of underline, strikethrough and overline.
501 C<ft2> - FreeType 2.x driver. Supports many different font formats.
502 Also supports the transform() method.
508 C<color> - the default color used with this font. Default: red.
512 C<size> - the default size used with this font. Default: 15.
516 C<utf8> - if non-zero then text supplied to $img->string(...) and
517 $font->bounding_box(...) is assumed to be UTF-8 encoded by default.
521 C<align> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<align>
522 parameter. Default: 1.
526 C<vlayout> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<vlayout>
527 parameter. Default: 0.
531 C<aa> - the default value for the $im->string(...) C<aa> parameter.
536 C<index> - for font file containing multiple fonts this selects which
537 font to use. This is useful for Macintosh C<DFON> (F<.dfont>) and suitcase
540 If you want to use a suitcase font you will need to tell Imager to use
541 the FreeType 2.x driver by setting C<type> to C<'ft2'>:
543 my $font = Imager::Font->new(file=>$file, index => 1, type=>'ft2')
544 or die Imager->errstr;
552 Returns the bounding box for the specified string. Example:
561 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
563 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
569 the relative start of a the string. In some
570 cases this can be a negative number, in that case the first letter
571 stretches to the left of the starting position that is specified in
572 the string method of the Imager class
574 =item C<$global_descent>
576 how far down the lowest letter of the entire font reaches below the
577 baseline (this is often j).
581 how wide the string from
582 the starting position is. The total width of the string is
583 C<$pos_width-$neg_width>.
589 the same as <$global_descent> and <$global_ascent> except that they
590 are only for the characters that appear in the string.
592 =item C<$advance_width>
594 the distance from the start point that the next string output should
595 start at, this is often the same as C<$pos_width>, but can be
596 different if the final character overlaps the right side of its
599 =item C<$right_bearing>
601 The distance from the right side of the final glyph to the end of the
602 advance width. If the final glyph overflows the advance width this
607 Obviously we can stuff all the results into an array just as well:
609 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123");
611 Note that extra values may be added, so $metrics[-1] isn't supported.
612 It's possible to translate the output by a passing coordinate to the
615 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123", x=>45, y=>34);
617 This gives the bounding box as if the string had been put down at C<(x,y)>
618 By giving bounding_box 'canon' as a true value it's possible to measure
619 the space needed for the string:
621 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string=>"testing",size=>15,canon=>1);
623 This returns the same values in $metrics[0] and $metrics[1],
626 $bbox[2] - horizontal space taken by glyphs
627 $bbox[3] - vertical space taken by glyphs
629 Returns an L<Imager::Font::BBox> object in scalar context, so you can
630 avoid all those confusing indexes. This has methods as named above,
631 with some extra convenience methods.
639 C<string> - the string to calculate the bounding box for. Required.
643 C<size> - the font size to use. Default: value set in
644 Imager::Font->new(), or 15.
648 C<sizew> - the font width to use. Default to the value of the C<size>
653 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8 encoded.
654 For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later), this will
655 be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is already a UTF-8
656 string. See L<UTF-8> for more information. Default: the C<utf8> value
657 passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
661 C<x>, C<y> - offsets applied to @box[0..3] to give you a adjusted bounding
662 box. Ignored in scalar context.
666 C<canon> - if non-zero and the C<x>, C<y> parameters are not supplied,
667 then $pos_width and $global_ascent values will returned as the width
668 and height of the text instead.
674 The $img->string(...) method is now documented in
675 L<Imager::Draw/string>
677 =item align(string=>$text,size=>$size,x=>...,y=>...,valign => ...,halign=>...)
679 Higher level text output - outputs the text aligned as specified
680 around the given point (x,y).
682 # "Hello" centered at 100, 100 in the image.
683 my ($left, $top, $right, $bottom) =
684 $font->align(string=>"Hello",
686 halign=>'center', valign=>'center',
689 Takes the same parameters as $font->draw(), and the following extra
696 C<valign> - Possible values are:
702 Point is at the top of the text.
706 Point is at the bottom of the text.
710 Point is on the baseline of the text (default.)
714 Point is vertically centered within the text.
726 C<left> - the point is at the left of the text.
730 C<start> - the point is at the start point of the text.
734 C<center> - the point is horizontally centered within the text.
738 C<right> - the point is at the right end of the text.
742 C<end> - the point is at the end point of the text.
748 C<image> - The image to draw to. Set to C<undef> to avoid drawing but
749 still calculate the bounding box.
753 Returns a list specifying the bounds of the drawn text.
757 =item dpi(xdpi=>$xdpi, ydpi=>$ydpi)
761 Set or retrieve the spatial resolution of the image in dots per inch.
762 The default is 72 dpi.
764 This isn't implemented for all font types yet.
766 Possible parameters are:
772 C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> - set the horizontal and vertical resolution in dots
777 C<dpi> - set both horizontal and vertical resolution to this value.
781 Returns a list containing the previous C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> values.
783 =item transform(matrix=>$matrix)
785 Applies a transformation to the font, where matrix is an array ref of
786 numbers representing a 2 x 3 matrix:
788 [ $matrix->[0], $matrix->[1], $matrix->[2],
789 $matrix->[3], $matrix->[4], $matrix->[5] ]
791 Not all font types support transformations, these will return false.
793 It's possible that a driver will disable hinting if you use a
794 transformation, to prevent discontinuities in the transformations.
795 See the end of the test script t/t38ft2font.t for an example.
797 Currently only the ft2 (FreeType 2.x) driver supports the transform()
800 See samples/slant_text.pl for a sample using this function.
802 Note that the transformation is done in font co-ordinates where y
803 increases as you move up, not image co-ordinates where y decreases as
806 =item has_chars(string=>$text)
808 Checks if the characters in $text are defined by the font.
810 In a list context returns a list of true or false value corresponding
811 to the characters in $text, true if the character is defined, false if
812 not. In scalar context returns a string of C<NUL> or non-C<NUL>
813 characters. Supports UTF-8 where the font driver supports UTF-8.
815 Not all fonts support this method (use $font->can("has_chars") to
822 C<string> - string of characters to check for. Required. Must contain
823 at least one character.
827 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8
828 encoded. For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later),
829 this will be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is
830 already a UTF-8 string. See L<UTF-8> for more information. Default:
831 the C<utf8> value passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
837 Returns the internal name of the face. Not all font types support
840 =item glyph_names(string=>$string [, utf8=>$utf8 ][, reliable_only=>0 ] );
842 Returns a list of glyph names for each of the characters in the
843 string. If the character has no name then C<undef> is returned for
846 Some font files do not include glyph names, in this case FreeType 2
847 will not return any names. FreeType 1 can return standard names even
848 if there are no glyph names in the font.
850 FreeType 2 has an API function that returns true only if the font has
851 "reliable glyph names", unfortunately this always returns false for
852 TrueType fonts. This can avoid the check of this API by supplying
853 C<reliable_only> as 0. The consequences of using this on an unknown
854 font may be unpredictable, since the FreeType documentation doesn't
855 say how those name tables are unreliable, or how FT2 handles them.
857 Both FreeType 1.x and 2.x allow support for glyph names to not be
862 This is used by Imager's string() method to implement drawing text.
863 See L<Imager::Draw/string>.
867 =head1 MULTIPLE MASTER FONTS
869 The FreeType 2 driver supports multiple master fonts:
875 Test if the font is a multiple master font.
879 Returns a list of the axes that can be changes in the font. Each
880 entry is an array reference which contains:
890 minimum value for this axis.
894 maximum value for this axis
898 =item set_mm_coords(coords=>\@values)
900 Blends an interpolated design from the master fonts. @values must
901 contain as many values as there are axes in the font.
905 For example, to select the minimum value in each axis:
907 my @axes = $font->mm_axes;
908 my @coords = map $_->[1], @axes;
909 $font->set_mm_coords(coords=>\@coords);
911 It's possible other drivers will support multiple master fonts in the
912 future, check if your selected font object supports the is_mm() method
913 using the can() method.
917 There are 2 ways of rendering Unicode characters with Imager:
923 For versions of perl that support it, use perl's native UTF-8 strings.
924 This is the simplest method.
928 Hand build your own UTF-8 encoded strings. Only recommended if your
929 version of perl has no UTF-8 support.
933 Imager won't construct characters for you, so if want to output
934 Unicode character 00C3 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS", and
935 your font doesn't support it, Imager will I<not> build it from 0041
936 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" and 0308 "COMBINING DIAERESIS".
938 To check if a driver supports UTF-8 call the utf8() method:
944 Return true if the font supports UTF-8.
948 =head2 Native UTF-8 Support
950 If your version of perl supports UTF-8 and the driver supports UTF-8,
951 just use the $im->string() method, and it should do the right thing.
953 =head2 Build your own
955 In this case you need to build your own UTF-8 encoded characters.
959 $x = pack("C*", 0xE2, 0x80, 0x90); # character code 0x2010 HYPHEN
961 You need to be be careful with versions of perl that have UTF-8
962 support, since your string may end up doubly UTF-8 encoded.
966 $x = "A\xE2\x80\x90\x41\x{2010}";
967 substr($x, -1, 0) = "";
968 # at this point $x is has the UTF-8 flag set, but has 5 characters,
969 # none, of which is the constructed UTF-8 character
971 The test script t/t38ft2font.t has a small example of this after the
974 # an attempt using emulation of UTF-8
976 =head1 DRIVER CONTROL
978 If you don't supply a 'type' parameter to Imager::Font->new(), but you
979 do supply a 'file' parameter, Imager will attempt to guess which font
980 driver to used based on the extension of the font file.
982 Since some formats can be handled by more than one driver, a priority
983 list is used to choose which one should be used, if a given format can
984 be handled by more than one driver.
990 The current priorities can be retrieved with:
992 @drivers = Imager::Font->priorities();
994 You can set new priorities and save the old priorities with:
996 @old = Imager::Font->priorities(@drivers);
998 If you supply driver names that are not currently supported, they will
1001 Imager supports both T1Lib and FreeType 2 for working with Type 1
1002 fonts, but currently only T1Lib does any caching, so by default T1Lib
1003 is given a higher priority. Since Imager's FreeType 2 support can also
1004 do font transformations, you may want to give that a higher priority:
1006 my @old = Imager::Font->priorities(qw(tt ft2 t1));
1010 Registers an extra font driver. Accepts the following parameters:
1016 type - a brief identifier for the font driver. You can supply this
1017 value to C<< Imager::Font->new() >> to create fonts of this type.
1022 class - the font class name. Imager will attempted to load this
1023 module by name. Required.
1027 files - a regular expression to match against file names. If supplied
1028 this must be a valid perl regular expression. If not supplied you can
1029 only create fonts of this type by supplying the C<type> parameter to
1030 C<< Imager::Font->new() >>
1034 description - a brief description of the font driver. Defaults to the
1035 value supplied in C<class>.
1043 Arnar M. Hrafnkelsson, addi@umich.edu
1044 And a great deal of help from others - see the F<README> for a complete
1049 The $pos_width member returned by the bounding_box() method has
1050 historically returned different values from different drivers. The
1051 FreeType 1.x and 2.x, and the Win32 drivers return the max of the
1052 advance width and the right edge of the right-most glyph. The Type 1
1053 driver always returns the right edge of the right-most glyph.
1055 The newer advance_width and right_bearing values allow access to any
1064 Imager(3), Imager::Font::FreeType2(3), Imager::Font::Type1(3),
1065 Imager::Font::Win32(3), Imager::Font::Truetype(3), Imager::Font::BBox(3)
1067 http://imager.perl.org/