9 # the aim here is that we can:
10 # - add file based types in one place: here
11 # - make sure we only attempt to create types that exist
12 # - give reasonable defaults
13 # - give the user some control over which types get used
17 class=>'Imager::Font::Truetype',
18 module=>'Imager/Font/Truetype.pm',
20 description => 'FreeType 1.x',
24 class=>'Imager::Font::T1',
25 module=>'Imager/Font/T1.pm',
27 description => 'T1Lib',
30 class=>'Imager::Font::FT2',
31 module=>'Imager/Font/FT2.pm',
32 files=>'.*\.(pfa|pfb|otf|ttf|fon|fnt|dfont|pcf(\.gz)?)$',
33 description => 'FreeType 2.x',
36 class=>'Imager::Font::Image',
37 module=>'Imager/Font/Image.pm',
41 class=>'Imager::Font::W32',
42 module=>'Imager/Font/W32.pm',
43 description => 'Win32 GDI Fonts',
47 # this currently should only contain file based types, don't add w32
48 my @priority = qw(t1 tt ft2 ifs);
53 my ($file, $type, $id);
54 my %hsh=(color => Imager::Color->new(255,0,0,255),
65 unless ($drivers{$type}) {
66 Imager->_set_error("Unknown font type $type");
70 unless ($Imager::formats{$type}) {
71 Imager->_set_error("The $type {$drivers{$type}) font driver is not installed");
76 for my $drv (@priority) {
78 my $re = $drivers{$drv}{files} or next;
79 if ($file =~ /$re/i) {
80 if (eval { require $drivers{$drv}{module}; 1 } and !( $drivers{$drv}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$drv} )) {
87 if (!defined($type)) {
88 # some types we can support, but the driver isn't available
89 # work out which drivers support it, so we can provide the user
90 # some useful information on how to get it working
92 for my $driver_name (keys %drivers) {
93 my $driver = $drivers{$driver_name};
94 push @not_here, "$driver_name ($driver->{description})"
95 if $driver->{files} && $file =~ /$driver->{files}/i;
98 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font drivers enabled that can support this file, rebuild Imager with any of ".join(", ", @not_here)." to use this font file";
101 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font type found for $hsh{'file'}";
105 } elsif ($hsh{face}) {
108 $Imager::ERRSTR="No font file specified";
112 if ($drivers{$type}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$type}) {
113 $Imager::ERRSTR = "`$type' not enabled";
117 # here we should have the font type or be dead already.
119 require $drivers{$type}{module};
120 return $drivers{$type}{class}->new(%hsh);
123 # returns first defined parameter
126 return $_ if defined $_;
133 my %input = ('x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_);
134 unless ($input{image}) {
135 $Imager::ERRSTR = 'No image supplied to $font->draw()';
138 my $image = $input{image};
139 $input{string} = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
140 unless (defined $input{string}) {
141 $image->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
144 $input{aa} = _first($input{aa}, $input{antialias}, $self->{aa}, 1);
145 # the original draw code worked this out but didn't use it
146 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, $self->{align});
147 $input{color} = _first($input{color}, $self->{color});
148 $input{color} = Imager::_color($input{'color'});
150 $input{size} = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
151 unless (defined $input{size}) {
152 $image->_set_error("No font size provided");
155 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, 1);
156 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
157 $input{vlayout} = _first($input{vlayout}, $self->{vlayout}, 0);
159 my $result = $self->_draw(%input);
161 $image->_set_error($image->_error_as_msg());
169 my %input = ( halign => 'left', valign => 'baseline',
170 'x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_ );
172 # image needs to be supplied, but can be supplied as undef
173 unless (exists $input{image}) {
174 Imager->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'image'");
178 my $errors_to = $input{image} || 'Imager';
180 my $text = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
181 unless (defined $text) {
182 $errors_to->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
186 my $size = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
187 my $utf8 = _first($input{utf8}, 0);
189 my $bbox = $self->bounding_box(string=>$text, size=>$size, utf8=>$utf8);
190 my $valign = $input{valign};
192 unless $valign && $valign =~ /^(?:top|center|bottom|baseline)$/;
194 my $halign = $input{halign};
196 unless $halign && $halign =~ /^(?:left|start|center|end|right)$/;
201 if ($valign eq 'top') {
204 elsif ($valign eq 'center') {
205 $y += $bbox->ascent - $bbox->text_height / 2;
207 elsif ($valign eq 'bottom') {
208 $y += $bbox->descent;
210 # else baseline is the default
212 if ($halign eq 'left') {
213 $x -= $bbox->start_offset;
215 elsif ($halign eq 'start') {
218 elsif ($halign eq 'center') {
219 $x -= $bbox->start_offset + $bbox->total_width / 2;
221 elsif ($halign eq 'end') {
222 $x -= $bbox->advance_width;
224 elsif ($halign eq 'right') {
225 $x -= $bbox->advance_width - $bbox->right_bearing;
231 delete @input{qw/x y/};
232 $self->draw(%input, 'x' => $x, 'y' => $y, align=>1)
236 return ($x+$bbox->start_offset, $y-$bbox->ascent,
237 $x+$bbox->end_offset, $y-$bbox->descent+1);
244 if (!exists $input{'string'}) {
245 $Imager::ERRSTR='string parameter missing';
248 $input{size} ||= $self->{size};
249 $input{sizew} = _first($input{sizew}, $self->{sizew}, 0);
250 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
252 my @box = $self->_bounding_box(%input);
255 if(@box && exists $input{'x'} and exists $input{'y'}) {
256 my($gdescent, $gascent)=@box[1,3];
257 $box[1]=$input{'y'}-$gascent; # top = base - ascent (Y is down)
258 $box[3]=$input{'y'}-$gdescent; # bottom = base - descent (Y is down, descent is negative)
259 $box[0]+=$input{'x'};
260 $box[2]+=$input{'x'};
261 } elsif (@box && $input{'canon'}) {
262 $box[3]-=$box[1]; # make it cannoical (ie (0,0) - (width, height))
268 require Imager::Font::BBox;
270 return Imager::Font::BBox->new(@box);
277 # I'm assuming a default of 72 dpi
280 $Imager::ERRSTR = "Setting dpi not implemented for this font type";
292 # this is split into transform() and _transform() so we can
293 # implement other tags like: degrees=>12, which would build a
294 # 12 degree rotation matrix
295 # but I'll do that later
296 unless ($hsh{matrix}) {
297 $Imager::ERRSTR = "You need to supply a matrix";
301 return $self->_transform(%hsh);
305 $Imager::ERRSTR = "This type of font cannot be transformed";
324 my ($self, %opts) = @_;
326 my $type = delete $opts{type};
327 my $class = delete $opts{class};
328 my $files = delete $opts{files};
329 my $description = delete $opts{description} || $class;
332 or return Imager->_set_error("No type parameter supplied to Imager::Font->regster");
335 or return Imager->_set_error("No class parameter supplied to Imager::Font->register");
339 or return Imager->_set_error("files isn't a valid regexp");
342 if ($drivers{$type} && $drivers{$type}{class} ne $class) {
343 Imager->_set_error("Font type $type already registered as $drivers{$type}{class}");
347 (my $module = $class . ".pm") =~ s(::)(/)g;
353 description => $description,
355 $files and $driver->{files} = $files;
357 $drivers{$type} = $driver;
368 Imager::Font - Font handling for Imager.
374 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.pfb');
375 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf');
376 $w32font = Imager::Font->new(face => 'Times New Roman');
378 $blue = Imager::Color->new("#0000FF");
379 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf',
390 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
392 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
394 # documented in Imager::Draw
395 $img->string(font => $font,
405 =for stopwords TrueType FreeType
407 This module handles creating Font objects used by Imager. The module
408 also handles querying fonts for sizes and such. If both T1lib and
409 FreeType were available at the time of compilation then Imager should
410 be able to work with both TrueType fonts and t1 Postscript fonts. To
411 check if Imager is t1 or TrueType capable you can use something like
415 print "Has truetype" if $Imager::formats{tt};
416 print "Has t1 postscript" if $Imager::formats{t1};
417 print "Has Win32 fonts" if $Imager::formats{w32};
418 print "Has Freetype2" if $Imager::formats{ft2};
424 This creates a font object to pass to functions that take a font argument.
426 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'denmark.ttf',
432 This creates a font which is the TrueType font F<denmark.ttf>. It's
433 default color is $blue, default size is 30 pixels and it's rendered
434 anti-aliased by default. Imager can see which type of font a file is
435 by looking at the suffix of the file name for the font. A suffix of
436 C<ttf> is taken to mean a TrueType font while a suffix of C<pfb> is
437 taken to mean a Type 1 Postscript font. If Imager cannot tell which
438 type a font is you can tell it explicitly by using the C<type>
441 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'fruitcase', type => 't1');
442 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'arglebarf', type => 'tt');
444 The C<index> parameter is used to select a single face from a font
445 file containing more than one face, for example, from a Macintosh font
446 suitcase or a C<.dfont> file.
448 If any of the C<color>, C<size> or C<aa> parameters are omitted when
449 calling C<< Imager::Font->new() >> the they take the following values:
451 color => Imager::Color->new(255, 0, 0, 0); # this default should be changed
456 To use Win32 fonts supply the face name of the font:
458 $font = Imager::Font->new(face=>'Arial Bold Italic');
460 There isn't any access to other logical font attributes, but this
461 typically isn't necessary for Win32 TrueType fonts, since you can
462 construct the full name of the font as above.
464 Other logical font attributes may be added if there is sufficient demand.
472 C<file> - name of the file to load the font from.
478 C<face> - face name. This is used only under Win32 to create a GDI based
479 font. This is ignored if the C<file> parameter is supplied.
483 C<type> - font driver to use. Currently the permitted values for this are:
489 C<tt> - FreeType 1.x driver. Supports TrueType (C<.ttf>) fonts.
493 =for stopwords strikethrough overline
495 C<t1> - T1 Lib driver. Supports Postscript Type 1 fonts. Allows for
496 synthesis of underline, strikethrough and overline.
500 C<ft2> - FreeType 2.x driver. Supports many different font formats.
501 Also supports the transform() method.
507 C<color> - the default color used with this font. Default: red.
511 C<size> - the default size used with this font. Default: 15.
515 C<utf8> - if non-zero then text supplied to $img->string(...) and
516 $font->bounding_box(...) is assumed to be UTF-8 encoded by default.
520 C<align> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<align>
521 parameter. Default: 1.
525 C<vlayout> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<vlayout>
526 parameter. Default: 0.
530 C<aa> - the default value for the $im->string(...) C<aa> parameter.
535 C<index> - for font file containing multiple fonts this selects which
536 font to use. This is useful for Macintosh C<DFON> (F<.dfont>) and suitcase
539 If you want to use a suitcase font you will need to tell Imager to use
540 the FreeType 2.x driver by setting C<type> to C<'ft2'>:
542 my $font = Imager::Font->new(file=>$file, index => 1, type=>'ft2')
543 or die Imager->errstr;
549 Returns the bounding box for the specified string. Example:
558 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
560 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
566 the relative start of a the string. In some
567 cases this can be a negative number, in that case the first letter
568 stretches to the left of the starting position that is specified in
569 the string method of the Imager class
571 =item C<$global_descent>
573 how far down the lowest letter of the entire font reaches below the
574 baseline (this is often j).
578 how wide the string from
579 the starting position is. The total width of the string is
580 C<$pos_width-$neg_width>.
586 the same as <$global_descent> and <$global_ascent> except that they
587 are only for the characters that appear in the string.
589 =item C<$advance_width>
591 the distance from the start point that the next string output should
592 start at, this is often the same as C<$pos_width>, but can be
593 different if the final character overlaps the right side of its
596 =item C<$right_bearing>
598 The distance from the right side of the final glyph to the end of the
599 advance width. If the final glyph overflows the advance width this
604 Obviously we can stuff all the results into an array just as well:
606 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123");
608 Note that extra values may be added, so $metrics[-1] isn't supported.
609 It's possible to translate the output by a passing coordinate to the
612 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123", x=>45, y=>34);
614 This gives the bounding box as if the string had been put down at C<(x,y)>
615 By giving bounding_box 'canon' as a true value it's possible to measure
616 the space needed for the string:
618 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string=>"testing",size=>15,canon=>1);
620 This returns the same values in $metrics[0] and $metrics[1],
623 $bbox[2] - horizontal space taken by glyphs
624 $bbox[3] - vertical space taken by glyphs
626 Returns an L<Imager::Font::BBox> object in scalar context, so you can
627 avoid all those confusing indexes. This has methods as named above,
628 with some extra convenience methods.
636 C<string> - the string to calculate the bounding box for. Required.
640 C<size> - the font size to use. Default: value set in
641 Imager::Font->new(), or 15.
645 C<sizew> - the font width to use. Default to the value of the C<size>
650 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8 encoded.
651 For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later), this will
652 be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is already a UTF-8
653 string. See L</UTF-8> for more information. Default: the C<utf8> value
654 passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
658 C<x>, C<y> - offsets applied to @box[0..3] to give you a adjusted bounding
659 box. Ignored in scalar context.
663 C<canon> - if non-zero and the C<x>, C<y> parameters are not supplied,
664 then $pos_width and $global_ascent values will returned as the width
665 and height of the text instead.
671 The $img->string(...) method is now documented in
672 L<Imager::Draw/string()>
674 =item align(string=>$text,size=>$size,x=>...,y=>...,valign => ...,halign=>...)
676 Higher level text output - outputs the text aligned as specified
677 around the given point (x,y).
679 # "Hello" centered at 100, 100 in the image.
680 my ($left, $top, $right, $bottom) =
681 $font->align(string=>"Hello",
683 halign=>'center', valign=>'center',
686 Takes the same parameters as $font->draw(), and the following extra
693 C<valign> - Possible values are:
699 Point is at the top of the text.
703 Point is at the bottom of the text.
707 Point is on the baseline of the text (default.)
711 Point is vertically centered within the text.
723 C<left> - the point is at the left of the text.
727 C<start> - the point is at the start point of the text.
731 C<center> - the point is horizontally centered within the text.
735 C<right> - the point is at the right end of the text.
739 C<end> - the point is at the end point of the text.
745 C<image> - The image to draw to. Set to C<undef> to avoid drawing but
746 still calculate the bounding box.
750 Returns a list specifying the bounds of the drawn text.
754 =item dpi(xdpi=>$xdpi, ydpi=>$ydpi)
758 Set or retrieve the spatial resolution of the image in dots per inch.
759 The default is 72 dpi.
761 This isn't implemented for all font types yet.
763 Possible parameters are:
769 C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> - set the horizontal and vertical resolution in dots
774 C<dpi> - set both horizontal and vertical resolution to this value.
778 Returns a list containing the previous C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> values.
782 $font->transform(matrix=>$matrix);
784 Applies a transformation to the font, where matrix is an array ref of
785 numbers representing a 2 x 3 matrix:
787 [ $matrix->[0], $matrix->[1], $matrix->[2],
788 $matrix->[3], $matrix->[4], $matrix->[5] ]
790 Not all font types support transformations, these will return false.
792 It's possible that a driver will disable hinting if you use a
793 transformation, to prevent discontinuities in the transformations.
794 See the end of the test script t/t38ft2font.t for an example.
796 Currently only the ft2 (FreeType 2.x) driver supports the transform()
799 See samples/slant_text.pl for a sample using this function.
801 Note that the transformation is done in font co-ordinates where y
802 increases as you move up, not image co-ordinates where y decreases as
805 =item has_chars(string=>$text)
807 Checks if the characters in $text are defined by the font.
809 In a list context returns a list of true or false value corresponding
810 to the characters in $text, true if the character is defined, false if
811 not. In scalar context returns a string of C<NUL> or non-C<NUL>
812 characters. Supports UTF-8 where the font driver supports UTF-8.
814 Not all fonts support this method (use $font->can("has_chars") to
821 C<string> - string of characters to check for. Required. Must contain
822 at least one character.
826 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8
827 encoded. For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later),
828 this will be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is
829 already a UTF-8 string. See L</UTF-8> for more information. Default:
830 the C<utf8> value passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
836 Returns the internal name of the face. Not all font types support
839 =item glyph_names(string=>$string [, utf8=>$utf8 ][, reliable_only=>0 ] );
841 Returns a list of glyph names for each of the characters in the
842 string. If the character has no name then C<undef> is returned for
845 Some font files do not include glyph names, in this case FreeType 2
846 will not return any names. FreeType 1 can return standard names even
847 if there are no glyph names in the font.
849 FreeType 2 has an API function that returns true only if the font has
850 "reliable glyph names", unfortunately this always returns false for
851 TrueType fonts. This can avoid the check of this API by supplying
852 C<reliable_only> as 0. The consequences of using this on an unknown
853 font may be unpredictable, since the FreeType documentation doesn't
854 say how those name tables are unreliable, or how FT2 handles them.
856 Both FreeType 1.x and 2.x allow support for glyph names to not be
861 This is used by Imager's string() method to implement drawing text.
862 See L<Imager::Draw/string()>.
866 =head1 MULTIPLE MASTER FONTS
868 The FreeType 2 driver supports multiple master fonts:
874 Test if the font is a multiple master font.
878 Returns a list of the axes that can be changes in the font. Each
879 entry is an array reference which contains:
889 minimum value for this axis.
893 maximum value for this axis
897 =item set_mm_coords(coords=>\@values)
899 Blends an interpolated design from the master fonts. @values must
900 contain as many values as there are axes in the font.
904 For example, to select the minimum value in each axis:
906 my @axes = $font->mm_axes;
907 my @coords = map $_->[1], @axes;
908 $font->set_mm_coords(coords=>\@coords);
910 It's possible other drivers will support multiple master fonts in the
911 future, check if your selected font object supports the is_mm() method
912 using the can() method.
916 There are 2 ways of rendering Unicode characters with Imager:
922 For versions of perl that support it, use perl's native UTF-8 strings.
923 This is the simplest method.
927 Hand build your own UTF-8 encoded strings. Only recommended if your
928 version of perl has no UTF-8 support.
932 Imager won't construct characters for you, so if want to output
933 Unicode character 00C3 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS", and
934 your font doesn't support it, Imager will I<not> build it from 0041
935 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" and 0308 "COMBINING DIAERESIS".
937 To check if a driver supports UTF-8 call the utf8() method:
943 Return true if the font supports UTF-8.
947 =head2 Native UTF-8 Support
949 If your version of perl supports UTF-8 and the driver supports UTF-8,
950 just use the $im->string() method, and it should do the right thing.
952 =head2 Build your own
954 In this case you need to build your own UTF-8 encoded characters.
958 $x = pack("C*", 0xE2, 0x80, 0x90); # character code 0x2010 HYPHEN
960 You need to be be careful with versions of perl that have UTF-8
961 support, since your string may end up doubly UTF-8 encoded.
965 $x = "A\xE2\x80\x90\x41\x{2010}";
966 substr($x, -1, 0) = "";
967 # at this point $x is has the UTF-8 flag set, but has 5 characters,
968 # none, of which is the constructed UTF-8 character
970 The test script t/t38ft2font.t has a small example of this after the
973 # an attempt using emulation of UTF-8
975 =head1 DRIVER CONTROL
977 If you don't supply a 'type' parameter to Imager::Font->new(), but you
978 do supply a 'file' parameter, Imager will attempt to guess which font
979 driver to used based on the extension of the font file.
981 Since some formats can be handled by more than one driver, a priority
982 list is used to choose which one should be used, if a given format can
983 be handled by more than one driver.
989 The current priorities can be retrieved with:
991 @drivers = Imager::Font->priorities();
993 You can set new priorities and save the old priorities with:
995 @old = Imager::Font->priorities(@drivers);
997 If you supply driver names that are not currently supported, they will
1000 Imager supports both T1Lib and FreeType 2 for working with Type 1
1001 fonts, but currently only T1Lib does any caching, so by default T1Lib
1002 is given a higher priority. Since Imager's FreeType 2 support can also
1003 do font transformations, you may want to give that a higher priority:
1005 my @old = Imager::Font->priorities(qw(tt ft2 t1));
1009 Registers an extra font driver. Accepts the following parameters:
1015 type - a brief identifier for the font driver. You can supply this
1016 value to C<< Imager::Font->new() >> to create fonts of this type.
1021 class - the font class name. Imager will attempted to load this
1022 module by name. Required.
1026 files - a regular expression to match against file names. If supplied
1027 this must be a valid perl regular expression. If not supplied you can
1028 only create fonts of this type by supplying the C<type> parameter to
1029 C<< Imager::Font->new() >>
1033 description - a brief description of the font driver. Defaults to the
1034 value supplied in C<class>.
1042 Arnar M. Hrafnkelsson, addi@umich.edu
1043 And a great deal of help from others - see the F<README> for a complete
1048 The $pos_width member returned by the bounding_box() method has
1049 historically returned different values from different drivers. The
1050 FreeType 1.x and 2.x, and the Win32 drivers return the max of the
1051 advance width and the right edge of the right-most glyph. The Type 1
1052 driver always returns the right edge of the right-most glyph.
1054 The newer advance_width and right_bearing values allow access to any
1063 Imager(3), Imager::Font::FreeType2(3), Imager::Font::Type1(3),
1064 Imager::Font::Win32(3), Imager::Font::Truetype(3), Imager::Font::BBox(3)
1066 http://imager.perl.org/