9 # the aim here is that we can:
10 # - add file based types in one place: here
11 # - make sure we only attempt to create types that exist
12 # - give reasonable defaults
13 # - give the user some control over which types get used
17 class=>'Imager::Font::Truetype',
18 module=>'Imager/Font/Truetype.pm',
20 description => 'FreeType 1.x',
24 class=>'Imager::Font::T1',
25 module=>'Imager/Font/T1.pm',
27 description => 'T1Lib',
30 class=>'Imager::Font::FT2',
31 module=>'Imager/Font/FT2.pm',
32 files=>'.*\.(pfa|pfb|otf|ttf|fon|fnt|dfont|pcf(\.gz)?)$',
33 description => 'FreeType 2.x',
36 class=>'Imager::Font::Image',
37 module=>'Imager/Font/Image.pm',
41 class=>'Imager::Font::W32',
42 module=>'Imager/Font/W32.pm',
43 description => 'Win32 GDI Fonts',
47 # this currently should only contain file based types, don't add w32
48 my @priority = qw(t1 tt ft2 ifs);
53 my ($file, $type, $id);
54 my %hsh=(color => Imager::Color->new(255,0,0,255),
65 unless ($drivers{$type}) {
66 Imager->_set_error("Unknown font type $type");
70 unless ($Imager::formats{$type}) {
71 Imager->_set_error("The $type {$drivers{$type}) font driver is not installed");
76 for my $drv (@priority) {
78 my $re = $drivers{$drv}{files} or next;
79 if ($file =~ /$re/i) {
80 if (eval { require $drivers{$drv}{module}; 1 } and !( $drivers{$drv}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$drv} )) {
87 if (!defined($type)) {
88 # some types we can support, but the driver isn't available
89 # work out which drivers support it, so we can provide the user
90 # some useful information on how to get it working
92 for my $driver_name (keys %drivers) {
93 my $driver = $drivers{$driver_name};
94 push @not_here, "$driver_name ($driver->{description})"
95 if $driver->{files} && $file =~ /$driver->{files}/i;
98 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font drivers enabled that can support this file, rebuild Imager with any of ".join(", ", @not_here)." to use this font file";
101 $Imager::ERRSTR = "No font type found for $hsh{'file'}";
105 } elsif ($hsh{face}) {
108 $Imager::ERRSTR="No font file specified";
112 if ($drivers{$type}{checktype} && !$Imager::formats{$type}) {
113 $Imager::ERRSTR = "`$type' not enabled";
117 # here we should have the font type or be dead already.
119 require $drivers{$type}{module};
120 return $drivers{$type}{class}->new(%hsh);
123 # returns first defined parameter
126 return $_ if defined $_;
133 my %input = ('x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_);
134 unless ($input{image}) {
135 $Imager::ERRSTR = 'No image supplied to $font->draw()';
138 my $image = $input{image};
139 $input{string} = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
140 unless (defined $input{string}) {
141 $image->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
144 $input{aa} = _first($input{aa}, $input{antialias}, $self->{aa}, 1);
145 # the original draw code worked this out but didn't use it
146 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, $self->{align});
147 $input{color} = _first($input{color}, $self->{color});
148 $input{color} = Imager::_color($input{'color'});
150 $input{size} = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
151 unless (defined $input{size}) {
152 $image->_set_error("No font size provided");
155 $input{align} = _first($input{align}, 1);
156 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
157 $input{vlayout} = _first($input{vlayout}, $self->{vlayout}, 0);
159 my $result = $self->_draw(%input);
161 $image->_set_error($image->_error_as_msg());
169 my %input = ( halign => 'left', valign => 'baseline',
170 'x' => 0, 'y' => 0, @_ );
172 # image needs to be supplied, but can be supplied as undef
173 unless (exists $input{image}) {
174 Imager->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'image'");
178 my $errors_to = $input{image} || 'Imager';
180 my $text = _first($input{string}, $input{text});
181 unless (defined $text) {
182 $errors_to->_set_error("Missing required parameter 'string'");
186 my $size = _first($input{size}, $self->{size});
187 my $utf8 = _first($input{utf8}, 0);
189 my $bbox = $self->bounding_box(string=>$text, size=>$size, utf8=>$utf8);
190 my $valign = $input{valign};
192 unless $valign && $valign =~ /^(?:top|center|bottom|baseline)$/;
194 my $halign = $input{halign};
196 unless $halign && $halign =~ /^(?:left|start|center|end|right)$/;
201 if ($valign eq 'top') {
204 elsif ($valign eq 'center') {
205 $y += $bbox->ascent - $bbox->text_height / 2;
207 elsif ($valign eq 'bottom') {
208 $y += $bbox->descent;
210 # else baseline is the default
212 if ($halign eq 'left') {
213 $x -= $bbox->start_offset;
215 elsif ($halign eq 'start') {
218 elsif ($halign eq 'center') {
219 $x -= $bbox->start_offset + $bbox->total_width / 2;
221 elsif ($halign eq 'end') {
222 $x -= $bbox->advance_width;
224 elsif ($halign eq 'right') {
225 $x -= $bbox->advance_width - $bbox->right_bearing;
231 delete @input{qw/x y/};
232 $self->draw(%input, 'x' => $x, 'y' => $y, align=>1)
236 return ($x+$bbox->start_offset, $y-$bbox->ascent,
237 $x+$bbox->end_offset, $y-$bbox->descent+1);
244 if (!exists $input{'string'}) {
245 $Imager::ERRSTR='string parameter missing';
248 $input{size} ||= $self->{size};
249 $input{sizew} = _first($input{sizew}, $self->{sizew}, 0);
250 $input{utf8} = _first($input{utf8}, $self->{utf8}, 0);
252 my @box = $self->_bounding_box(%input)
256 if(@box && exists $input{'x'} and exists $input{'y'}) {
257 my($gdescent, $gascent)=@box[1,3];
258 $box[1]=$input{'y'}-$gascent; # top = base - ascent (Y is down)
259 $box[3]=$input{'y'}-$gdescent; # bottom = base - descent (Y is down, descent is negative)
260 $box[0]+=$input{'x'};
261 $box[2]+=$input{'x'};
262 } elsif (@box && $input{'canon'}) {
263 $box[3]-=$box[1]; # make it cannoical (ie (0,0) - (width, height))
269 require Imager::Font::BBox;
271 return Imager::Font::BBox->new(@box);
278 # I'm assuming a default of 72 dpi
281 $Imager::ERRSTR = "Setting dpi not implemented for this font type";
293 # this is split into transform() and _transform() so we can
294 # implement other tags like: degrees=>12, which would build a
295 # 12 degree rotation matrix
296 # but I'll do that later
297 unless ($hsh{matrix}) {
298 $Imager::ERRSTR = "You need to supply a matrix";
302 return $self->_transform(%hsh);
306 $Imager::ERRSTR = "This type of font cannot be transformed";
325 my ($self, %opts) = @_;
327 my $type = delete $opts{type};
328 my $class = delete $opts{class};
329 my $files = delete $opts{files};
330 my $description = delete $opts{description} || $class;
333 or return Imager->_set_error("No type parameter supplied to Imager::Font->regster");
336 or return Imager->_set_error("No class parameter supplied to Imager::Font->register");
340 or return Imager->_set_error("files isn't a valid regexp");
343 if ($drivers{$type} && $drivers{$type}{class} ne $class) {
344 Imager->_set_error("Font type $type already registered as $drivers{$type}{class}");
348 (my $module = $class . ".pm") =~ s(::)(/)g;
354 description => $description,
356 $files and $driver->{files} = $files;
358 $drivers{$type} = $driver;
369 Imager::Font - Font handling for Imager.
375 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.pfb');
376 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf');
377 $w32font = Imager::Font->new(face => 'Times New Roman');
379 $blue = Imager::Color->new("#0000FF");
380 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'pathtofont.ttf',
391 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
393 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string=>"Foo");
395 # documented in Imager::Draw
396 $img->string(font => $font,
406 =for stopwords TrueType FreeType
408 This module handles creating Font objects used by Imager. The module
409 also handles querying fonts for sizes and such. If both T1lib and
410 FreeType were available at the time of compilation then Imager should
411 be able to work with both TrueType fonts and t1 Postscript fonts. To
412 check if Imager is t1 or TrueType capable you can use something like
416 print "Has truetype" if $Imager::formats{tt};
417 print "Has t1 postscript" if $Imager::formats{t1};
418 print "Has Win32 fonts" if $Imager::formats{w32};
419 print "Has Freetype2" if $Imager::formats{ft2};
425 This creates a font object to pass to functions that take a font argument.
427 $font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'denmark.ttf',
433 This creates a font which is the TrueType font F<denmark.ttf>. It's
434 default color is $blue, default size is 30 pixels and it's rendered
435 anti-aliased by default. Imager can see which type of font a file is
436 by looking at the suffix of the file name for the font. A suffix of
437 C<ttf> is taken to mean a TrueType font while a suffix of C<pfb> is
438 taken to mean a Type 1 Postscript font. If Imager cannot tell which
439 type a font is you can tell it explicitly by using the C<type>
442 $t1font = Imager::Font->new(file => 'fruitcase', type => 't1');
443 $ttfont = Imager::Font->new(file => 'arglebarf', type => 'tt');
445 The C<index> parameter is used to select a single face from a font
446 file containing more than one face, for example, from a Macintosh font
447 suitcase or a C<.dfont> file.
449 If any of the C<color>, C<size> or C<aa> parameters are omitted when
450 calling C<< Imager::Font->new() >> the they take the following values:
452 color => Imager::Color->new(255, 0, 0, 0); # this default should be changed
457 To use Win32 fonts supply the face name of the font:
459 $font = Imager::Font->new(face=>'Arial Bold Italic');
461 There isn't any access to other logical font attributes, but this
462 typically isn't necessary for Win32 TrueType fonts, since you can
463 construct the full name of the font as above.
465 Other logical font attributes may be added if there is sufficient demand.
473 C<file> - name of the file to load the font from.
479 C<face> - face name. This is used only under Win32 to create a GDI based
480 font. This is ignored if the C<file> parameter is supplied.
484 C<type> - font driver to use. Currently the permitted values for this are:
490 C<tt> - FreeType 1.x driver. Supports TrueType (C<.ttf>) fonts.
494 =for stopwords strikethrough overline
496 C<t1> - T1 Lib driver. Supports Postscript Type 1 fonts. Allows for
497 synthesis of underline, strikethrough and overline.
501 C<ft2> - FreeType 2.x driver. Supports many different font formats.
502 Also supports the transform() method.
508 C<color> - the default color used with this font. Default: red.
512 C<size> - the default size used with this font. Default: 15.
516 C<utf8> - if non-zero then text supplied to $img->string(...) and
517 $font->bounding_box(...) is assumed to be UTF-8 encoded by default.
521 C<align> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<align>
522 parameter. Default: 1.
526 C<vlayout> - the default value for the $img->string(...) C<vlayout>
527 parameter. Default: 0.
531 C<aa> - the default value for the $im->string(...) C<aa> parameter.
536 C<index> - for font file containing multiple fonts this selects which
537 font to use. This is useful for Macintosh C<DFON> (F<.dfont>) and suitcase
540 If you want to use a suitcase font you will need to tell Imager to use
541 the FreeType 2.x driver by setting C<type> to C<'ft2'>:
543 my $font = Imager::Font->new(file=>$file, index => 1, type=>'ft2')
544 or die Imager->errstr;
550 Returns the bounding box for the specified string. Example:
559 $right_bearing) = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
561 my $bbox_object = $font->bounding_box(string => "A Fool");
567 the relative start of a the string. In some
568 cases this can be a negative number, in that case the first letter
569 stretches to the left of the starting position that is specified in
570 the string method of the Imager class
572 =item C<$global_descent>
574 how far down the lowest letter of the entire font reaches below the
575 baseline (this is often j).
579 how wide the string from
580 the starting position is. The total width of the string is
581 C<$pos_width-$neg_width>.
587 the same as <$global_descent> and <$global_ascent> except that they
588 are only for the characters that appear in the string.
590 =item C<$advance_width>
592 the distance from the start point that the next string output should
593 start at, this is often the same as C<$pos_width>, but can be
594 different if the final character overlaps the right side of its
597 =item C<$right_bearing>
599 The distance from the right side of the final glyph to the end of the
600 advance width. If the final glyph overflows the advance width this
605 Obviously we can stuff all the results into an array just as well:
607 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123");
609 Note that extra values may be added, so $metrics[-1] isn't supported.
610 It's possible to translate the output by a passing coordinate to the
613 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string => "testing 123", x=>45, y=>34);
615 This gives the bounding box as if the string had been put down at C<(x,y)>
616 By giving bounding_box 'canon' as a true value it's possible to measure
617 the space needed for the string:
619 @metrics = $font->bounding_box(string=>"testing",size=>15,canon=>1);
621 This returns the same values in $metrics[0] and $metrics[1],
624 $bbox[2] - horizontal space taken by glyphs
625 $bbox[3] - vertical space taken by glyphs
627 Returns an L<Imager::Font::BBox> object in scalar context, so you can
628 avoid all those confusing indexes. This has methods as named above,
629 with some extra convenience methods.
637 C<string> - the string to calculate the bounding box for. Required.
641 C<size> - the font size to use. Default: value set in
642 Imager::Font->new(), or 15.
646 C<sizew> - the font width to use. Default to the value of the C<size>
651 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8 encoded.
652 For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later), this will
653 be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is already a UTF-8
654 string. See L</UTF-8> for more information. Default: the C<utf8> value
655 passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
659 C<x>, C<y> - offsets applied to @box[0..3] to give you a adjusted bounding
660 box. Ignored in scalar context.
664 C<canon> - if non-zero and the C<x>, C<y> parameters are not supplied,
665 then $pos_width and $global_ascent values will returned as the width
666 and height of the text instead.
672 The $img->string(...) method is now documented in
673 L<Imager::Draw/string()>
675 =item align(string=>$text,size=>$size,x=>...,y=>...,valign => ...,halign=>...)
677 Higher level text output - outputs the text aligned as specified
678 around the given point (x,y).
680 # "Hello" centered at 100, 100 in the image.
681 my ($left, $top, $right, $bottom) =
682 $font->align(string=>"Hello",
684 halign=>'center', valign=>'center',
687 Takes the same parameters as $font->draw(), and the following extra
694 C<valign> - Possible values are:
700 Point is at the top of the text.
704 Point is at the bottom of the text.
708 Point is on the baseline of the text (default.)
712 Point is vertically centered within the text.
724 C<left> - the point is at the left of the text.
728 C<start> - the point is at the start point of the text.
732 C<center> - the point is horizontally centered within the text.
736 C<right> - the point is at the right end of the text.
740 C<end> - the point is at the end point of the text.
746 C<image> - The image to draw to. Set to C<undef> to avoid drawing but
747 still calculate the bounding box.
751 Returns a list specifying the bounds of the drawn text.
755 =item dpi(xdpi=>$xdpi, ydpi=>$ydpi)
759 Set or retrieve the spatial resolution of the image in dots per inch.
760 The default is 72 dpi.
762 This isn't implemented for all font types yet.
764 Possible parameters are:
770 C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> - set the horizontal and vertical resolution in dots
775 C<dpi> - set both horizontal and vertical resolution to this value.
779 Returns a list containing the previous C<xdpi>, C<ydpi> values.
783 $font->transform(matrix=>$matrix);
785 Applies a transformation to the font, where matrix is an array ref of
786 numbers representing a 2 x 3 matrix:
788 [ $matrix->[0], $matrix->[1], $matrix->[2],
789 $matrix->[3], $matrix->[4], $matrix->[5] ]
791 Not all font types support transformations, these will return false.
793 It's possible that a driver will disable hinting if you use a
794 transformation, to prevent discontinuities in the transformations.
795 See the end of the test script t/t38ft2font.t for an example.
797 Currently only the ft2 (FreeType 2.x) driver supports the transform()
800 See samples/slant_text.pl for a sample using this function.
802 Note that the transformation is done in font co-ordinates where y
803 increases as you move up, not image co-ordinates where y decreases as
806 =item has_chars(string=>$text)
808 Checks if the characters in $text are defined by the font.
810 In a list context returns a list of true or false value corresponding
811 to the characters in $text, true if the character is defined, false if
812 not. In scalar context returns a string of C<NUL> or non-C<NUL>
813 characters. Supports UTF-8 where the font driver supports UTF-8.
815 Not all fonts support this method (use $font->can("has_chars") to
822 C<string> - string of characters to check for. Required. Must contain
823 at least one character.
827 C<utf8> - For drivers that support it, treat the string as UTF-8
828 encoded. For versions of perl that support Unicode (5.6 and later),
829 this will be enabled automatically if the 'string' parameter is
830 already a UTF-8 string. See L</UTF-8> for more information. Default:
831 the C<utf8> value passed to Imager::Font->new(...) or 0.
837 Returns the internal name of the face. Not all font types support
840 =item glyph_names(string=>$string [, utf8=>$utf8 ][, reliable_only=>0 ] );
842 Returns a list of glyph names for each of the characters in the
843 string. If the character has no name then C<undef> is returned for
846 Some font files do not include glyph names, in this case FreeType 2
847 will not return any names. FreeType 1 can return standard names even
848 if there are no glyph names in the font.
850 FreeType 2 has an API function that returns true only if the font has
851 "reliable glyph names", unfortunately this always returns false for
852 TrueType fonts. This can avoid the check of this API by supplying
853 C<reliable_only> as 0. The consequences of using this on an unknown
854 font may be unpredictable, since the FreeType documentation doesn't
855 say how those name tables are unreliable, or how FT2 handles them.
857 Both FreeType 1.x and 2.x allow support for glyph names to not be
860 If the supplied C<string> is marked as UTF-8 or the C<utf8> parameter
861 is true and the supplied string does not contain valid UTF-8, returns
862 an empty string and set an error message readable from C<<
865 =item can_glyph_names()
867 As a class method, returns true if the underlying library supports
868 returning glyph names.
870 As an object method, returns true if the supplied font supports
871 returning glyph names.
875 This is used by Imager's string() method to implement drawing text.
876 See L<Imager::Draw/string()>.
880 =head1 MULTIPLE MASTER FONTS
882 The FreeType 2 driver supports multiple master fonts:
888 Test if the font is a multiple master font.
892 Returns a list of the axes that can be changes in the font. Each
893 entry is an array reference which contains:
903 minimum value for this axis.
907 maximum value for this axis
911 =item set_mm_coords(coords=>\@values)
913 Blends an interpolated design from the master fonts. @values must
914 contain as many values as there are axes in the font.
918 For example, to select the minimum value in each axis:
920 my @axes = $font->mm_axes;
921 my @coords = map $_->[1], @axes;
922 $font->set_mm_coords(coords=>\@coords);
924 It's possible other drivers will support multiple master fonts in the
925 future, check if your selected font object supports the is_mm() method
926 using the can() method.
930 There are 2 ways of rendering Unicode characters with Imager:
936 For versions of perl that support it, use perl's native UTF-8 strings.
937 This is the simplest method.
941 Hand build your own UTF-8 encoded strings. Only recommended if your
942 version of perl has no UTF-8 support.
946 Imager won't construct characters for you, so if want to output
947 Unicode character 00C3 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS", and
948 your font doesn't support it, Imager will I<not> build it from 0041
949 "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" and 0308 "COMBINING DIAERESIS".
951 To check if a driver supports UTF-8 call the utf8() method:
957 Return true if the font supports UTF-8.
961 =head2 Native UTF-8 Support
963 If your version of perl supports UTF-8 and the driver supports UTF-8,
964 just use the $im->string() method, and it should do the right thing.
966 =head2 Build your own
968 In this case you need to build your own UTF-8 encoded characters.
972 $x = pack("C*", 0xE2, 0x80, 0x90); # character code 0x2010 HYPHEN
974 You need to be be careful with versions of perl that have UTF-8
975 support, since your string may end up doubly UTF-8 encoded.
979 $x = "A\xE2\x80\x90\x41\x{2010}";
980 substr($x, -1, 0) = "";
981 # at this point $x is has the UTF-8 flag set, but has 5 characters,
982 # none, of which is the constructed UTF-8 character
984 The test script t/t38ft2font.t has a small example of this after the
987 # an attempt using emulation of UTF-8
989 =head1 DRIVER CONTROL
991 If you don't supply a 'type' parameter to Imager::Font->new(), but you
992 do supply a 'file' parameter, Imager will attempt to guess which font
993 driver to used based on the extension of the font file.
995 Since some formats can be handled by more than one driver, a priority
996 list is used to choose which one should be used, if a given format can
997 be handled by more than one driver.
1003 The current priorities can be retrieved with:
1005 @drivers = Imager::Font->priorities();
1007 You can set new priorities and save the old priorities with:
1009 @old = Imager::Font->priorities(@drivers);
1011 If you supply driver names that are not currently supported, they will
1014 Imager supports both T1Lib and FreeType 2 for working with Type 1
1015 fonts, but currently only T1Lib does any caching, so by default T1Lib
1016 is given a higher priority. Since Imager's FreeType 2 support can also
1017 do font transformations, you may want to give that a higher priority:
1019 my @old = Imager::Font->priorities(qw(tt ft2 t1));
1023 Registers an extra font driver. Accepts the following parameters:
1029 type - a brief identifier for the font driver. You can supply this
1030 value to C<< Imager::Font->new() >> to create fonts of this type.
1035 class - the font class name. Imager will attempted to load this
1036 module by name. Required.
1040 files - a regular expression to match against file names. If supplied
1041 this must be a valid perl regular expression. If not supplied you can
1042 only create fonts of this type by supplying the C<type> parameter to
1043 C<< Imager::Font->new() >>
1047 description - a brief description of the font driver. Defaults to the
1048 value supplied in C<class>.
1056 Arnar M. Hrafnkelsson, addi@umich.edu
1057 And a great deal of help from others - see the F<README> for a complete
1062 The $pos_width member returned by the bounding_box() method has
1063 historically returned different values from different drivers. The
1064 FreeType 1.x and 2.x, and the Win32 drivers return the max of the
1065 advance width and the right edge of the right-most glyph. The Type 1
1066 driver always returns the right edge of the right-most glyph.
1068 The newer advance_width and right_bearing values allow access to any
1077 Imager(3), Imager::Font::FreeType2(3), Imager::Font::Type1(3),
1078 Imager::Font::Win32(3), Imager::Font::Truetype(3), Imager::Font::BBox(3)
1080 http://imager.perl.org/